STGOD 2 Nation Info and OrBats

[Steve]

Since we're a couple days away from game start, I figured I'd set up this thread for people to post national info.

At minimum, I want you to post how you distributed your points for country generation, the territories you own (with colonies listed by cost), a breakdown of the raw numbers of military units you've procured from starting army and navy points, and an Order of Battle that lists central locations for your units (preferably at Corps level). When listing Reserves, you can choose to be detailed, saying which city or district each division or Corps is coming from, or you can simply state how many divisions are coming from each region - if you do the latter I'd prefer if you also note one to three mobilization points from those regions.

My post incoming...

Edit:

http://stgjr.com/libarcw/map1nonpcs.png

Map link.

Edit 2: Remember we have a wiki now.

http://libarcstgod.wikia.com

[Steve]

United Kingdom of the Pacific

Alternative Names: Pacific Empire, Pacifica, United Kingdom

Government Type: Constitutional Monarchy, Federal

Head of State: King Charles V
Head of Government: Prime Minister Stephen Garrett, MP Astoria (Liberal Party)
Legislature: Bicameral Parliament, House of Commons democratically elected by borough and district system, House of Lords consists of permanent members of the noble peerage, many hereditary and some life-peerages
Judicial Branch: Lords of Appeal in Ordinary, the "Law Lords" drawn from the House of Lords; the Monarch can also hear appeal on certain matters through the Privy Council of the Judiciary
Major Political Parties: Liberal "Whig" Party, Conservative "Tory" Party
Minor Political Parties: Progressive Democratic Party, Labour Party, Socialist Union Party, Party for Socialist Labourers, Marxist Solidarity Party, Catholic Defence League, Cascadian Natives' Party, Australia Party, Zealandia Party
Capital: Sacramento

Primary Religions: Catholic Christianity, Protestant Christianity, American Native faiths, Pacific Islander faiths
Languages: English (official language of National Government), Spanish (second official language of Californian government and Colonial Government of the Philippines), Various Pacific dialects
Currency: Pound Sterling (£)

Administrative Divisions:

Kingdom of California
Administrative Capital: Sacramento

Upper California
Capital: San Francisco

Lower California
Capital: Los Angeles

North Baja
Capital: San Diego

South Baja
Capital: La Paz

Sonora
Capital: Hermosillo
Contains City of Cajerne (RL: Ciudad Obregon)

Arizona
Capital: Phoenix

Nevada
Capital: Humboldtburg (RL: Carson City)

Colorado
Capital: Salt Lake City

Kingdom of Cascadia
Administrative Capital: Seattle

Oregon
Capital: New Edinburgh (RL: Portland)

Olympia
Capital: Seattle

Columbia
Capital: Surrey

Montana (RL areas of Western Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho)
Capital: New Glasgow (RL: Boise)

New Salisbury (RL: Alberta-Saskatchewan)
Capital: Edmonton

Alaska
Capital: Anchorage

Yukon
Capital: Whitehorse

Fraserland
Territorial Capital: Yellowknife

Kingdom of Australia
Administrative Capital: Sydney

New South Wales
Capital: Sydney

New Kent (RL: Victoria)
Capital: Melbourne

New Columbia (RL: South Australia)
Capital: Adelaide

Kingsland (RL: Western Australia)
Capital: Perth

Queensland (RL Note: Includes Northern Territory)
Capital: Brisbane

Tasmania
Capital: Hobart

New Guinea Territories
Capital: Port Moresby

Kingdom of Zealandia
Administrative Capital: Hoare

North Zealandia (RL: North Island of New Zealand)
Capital: Auckland

South Zealandia (RL: South Island of New Zealand)
Capital: Christchurch

New Caledonia
Capital: Noumea

New Hebrides and Santa Cruz Islands
Capital: Port Vila

Kingdom of Hawai'i and of Samoa
Administrative Capital: Honolulu
Head of State: King David II Kamehameha
The Imperial Minister: Allan Forsythe

The Kingdom of Hawai'i and of Samoa enjoys semi-autonomous status within the realm of the Pacific Empire. The Imperial Minister acts as the official representative of His Majesty's Government in Sacramento to the government in Honolulu, acting as an advisor to the Hawai'ian King and his Government and as the agent in charge of ensuring Imperial policy directives are carried out by the Hawai'ian Government under those terms permitted by the Act of Protection and Recognition.

Hawai'i (includes Midway and Wake Islands)
Capital: Honolulu

Samoa
Capital: Apia

Royal Domain of the Philippines
Capital: Manila

Luzon
Capital: Manila

Viscaya
Capital: Cebu

Pacific Territories
Administrative Capital: Los Angeles

Caroline Islands
Capital: Kolonia

Marianas Territory
Capital: Agana

New British Isles (Includes Solomon Islands)
Capital: Kimbe

Fiji Islands
Capital: Suva

Ellice Islands
Capital: Funafuti

Kingdom of Tonga
Capital: Nuku'alofa
Imperial Agent: James Hathcock



Tier: Great Power

Population
3 - 50 Million

National Resources
4 - National Self-Sufficiency is 70%

Colonial Territory (Automatic 3)
5 - 250 Colony Points, +20 million population, 500/1000 Colonial Army Points, 120 cash/quarter (Requires Navy/Army 4)

Industry
5 - 500 IBPs/quarter (requires National Resources 3)

Economy
5 - 4 years of war mobilization, 900 cash points/quarter.

Infrastructure
3 - 4 weeks to mobilize Ready Reserve, 4 months to mobilize Second Line

Navy Power
5 - 2000 Navy Points, 12 Dreadnoughts/Battlecruisers permitted

Army Size
3 - 2500 Army Points

Territorial Holdings

National Homeland:
British Columbia
Alberta
Western Montana
Utah
Western Wyoming
Western Colorado
Western New Mexico
Arizona
Sonora
Northwestern Tip of Chihuahua, over to city of Juarez
California (with Baja)
Nevada
Oregon
Washington
Idaho


Colonies:

250 points to spend

Australia - 85 points
New Zealand - 35 points
Hawai'i - 15 points
Midway - 2 points
Wake - 2 points
Marshall Islands - 2 points
Samoa - 5 points
Tonga - 2 points
Ellice Islands (Tuvalu and Tokelau) - 2 points
New Caledonia - 5 points
Santa Cruz-Vanuatu - 3 points
Fiji - 5 points
Solomon Islands - 2 points
Bougainville - 2 points
Bismarck Islands - 7 points
Alaska - 8 points
Yukon - 2 points
Western Arctic Territories (western 50-60% of Northwestern Territories IRL) - 1 point
Eastern Carolines - 5 points
Southern Marianas - 5 points
Northern Marianas - 5 points
East New Guinea - 15pt.
Luzon - 20 points
Viscaya - 10 points
Western Carolines - 5pt.


Overall Population: 70 Million
National Self-Sufficiency: 70%
Quarterly Income: 1,020 Cash/quarter

Navy
2000 Navy Points Overall

10 DNs - 400pt.
2 BCs - 70pt.
12 PDNs - 360pt.
12 ACs - 300pt.
22 CLs - 220pt.
10 SSes - 90pt.
80 DDs - 480pt.
25 Coastal TBs - 50pt.

30 points spent on forts

Navy Upkeep Costs: 190 Cash/quarter
Navy Manpower: 59,750 men

Army
2500 Army Points Overall

Active - 1000

6 Guard Infantry Divisions - 150pt.
6 Cavalry Divisions - 90pt.
24 Infantry Divisions - 360pt.
20 Artillery Regiments - 300pt.
7 Engineer Regiment - 70pt.
3 Aeroplane Regiment - 30pt.

Ready Reserve - 990

51 Infantry Divisions - 510pt.
9 Cavalry Divisions - 90pt.
31 Artillery Regiments - 310pt.
16 Engineer Regiments - 80pt.

Second Line - 480

12 Cavalry Divisions - 60pt.
84 Infantry Divisions - 420pt.

Fortifications - 30 + 30 Navy

2 First Rate Coastal Forts (Hawai'i) - 60 points, 30 consumed from Navy

Army Upkeep Costs: 296.5 Cash/quarter
Army Active Manpower: 614,000 men
Army Ready Reserve Manpower: 1,029,000 men
Army Second Line Manpower: 1,440,000 men


Colonial Forces

500 Colonial Army Points

12 Colonial Infantry Divisions (Active) - 180pt.
2 Colonial Cavalry Divisions (Active) - 30pt.
6 Colonial Artillery Regiments (Active) - 90pt.
9 Colonial Infantry Divisions (Ready Reserve) - 90pt.
5 Colonial Artillery Regiments (Ready Reserve) - 50pt.
12 Colonial Infantry Divisions (Second Line) - 60pt.

Colonial Army Upkeep Costs: 50 Cash/quarter
Colonial Army Active Manpower: 226,000 men
Colonial Army Ready Reserve Manpower: 184,000 men
Colonial Army Second Line Manpower: 192,000 men

Military Upkeep Cost: 536.5 Cash/quarter
Active Military Manpower: 899,750 men
Reservist Military Manpower: 2,845,000 men
Overall Military Manpower: 3,744,750 men (with mobilization)
National Manpower Pool: 6,300,000 men




Navy Organization

Home Fleet
HQ: San Francisco, California

10 Dreadnoughts
HMS Dreadnaught
HMS Bellerophon
HMS Neptune
HMS King Charles IV
HMS Orion
HMS Royal Sovereign
HMS California
HMS Cascadia
HMS Australia
HMS Zealandia

2 Battlecruisers
HMS Lion
HMS Tiger

4th Cruiser Squadron
4 Light Cruisers

5th Cruiser Squadron
4 Light Cruisers

1st Destroyer Squadron
1 Light Cruiser
7 Destroyers

2nd Destroyer Squadron
1 Light Cruiser
7 Destroyers

3rd Destroyer Squadron
8 Destroyers

9th Destroyer Squadron
Port: La Paz, Baja
8 Destroyers

10th Destroyer Squadron
Port: Duncan Harbor, Fraserland (RL Dutch Harbor, Alaska)
8 Destroyers

1st Submersible Squadron
5 Submersibles

2nd Submersible Squadron
5 Submersibles

4 Armoured Cruisers
HMS Warrior
HMS Achilles
HMS Defence
HMS Minotaur

Australia Fleet
HQ: King Charles' Harbour, Queensland (RL Darwin)

8 Pre-Dreadnoughts
HMS Terrible
HMS Triumph
HMS Gallant
HMS Valiant
HMS Valourous
HMS Vengeance
HMS Magnificent
HMS Majestic

4 Armoured Cruisers
HMS Cochrane
HMS Duncan
HMS Royas
HMS Hogue

6th Cruiser Squadron
4 Light Cruisers

7th Cruiser Squadron
HQ: Perth, Kingsland
4 Light Cruisers

4th Destroyer Squadron
8 Destroyers

5th Destroyer Squadron
HQ: Perth, Kingsland
8 Destroyers

8th Destroyer Squadron
8 Destroyers

5 Coastal Motor Torpedo Boats
HQ: Melbourne, New Kent

Pacific Fleet
HQ: Pearl Harbour, Hawai'i
4 Pre-Dreadnoughts
HMS Excellence
HMS Superb
HMS Renown
HMS Repulse

4 Armoured Cruisers - Asia Squadron:
HQ: Manila, the Philippines
HMS Diadem
HMS Amphirite
HMS Argonaut
HMS Ariadne

8th Cruiser Squadron
4 Light Cruisers

6th Destroyer Squadron
8 Destroyers

7th Destroyer Squadron - Asia Squadron
8 Destroyers

11th Destroyer Squadron
Assigned to Philippines Coastal Defence
2 Destroyers

20 Coastal Motor Torpedo Boats
Assigned to Philippines Coastal Defence


Under Construction
2 Dreadnoughts:
HMS Marlborough
HMS Philippines

2 Battlecruisers
HMS Panther
HMS Jaguar



Army Organization:

The Army is divided into six distinct commands; one for each component Kingdom plus a Pacific Army and the Army of the Philippines. Reserves when mobilized are integrated into the formations of each command area.



Territorial Army
HQ: Sacramento, Upper California

Army of California

1st Army
HQ: Nogales, Sonora

Army Level Attachments
2 Artillery Regiments (2 Heavy Art.)
1 Aeroplane Regiment
1 Engineer Regiment

I Corps
HQ: Cajerne, Sonora
3 Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)

II Corps
HQ: Juarez, Sonora
3 Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)
1 Engineer Regiment

II Corps
HQ: La Paz, South Baja
3 Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)


2nd Army
HQ: Flagstaff, Arizona

Army Level Attachments
2 Artillery Regiments (2 Heavy Art.)
1 Aeroplane Regiment
1 Engineer Regiment

II Cavalry Corps
HQ: Las Cruces, Arizona
3 Cavalry Divisions

V Corps
HQ: Albuquerque, Arizona
3 Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)
1 Engineer Regiment

VI Corps
HQ: King James' Crossing, Colorado (RL: Grand Junction, Colorado)
3 Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)


Army of Cascadia
HQ: New Glasgow, Montana (RL Boise, Idaho)

3rd Army
HQ: Pocatello, Montana

Army Level Attachments
2 Artillery Regiments (2 Heavy Art.)
1 Aeroplane Regiment
1 Engineer Regiment

VII Corps
HQ: Green River, Colorado (RL Green River, Wyoming)
1 Guard Division
2 Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)
1 Engineer Regiment

VIII Corps
HQ: Fort Hampton, Montana (RL Dubois, Wyoming)
1 Guard Division
2 Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)

IX Corps
HQ: Billings, Montana
1 Guard Division
2 Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)


4th Army
HQ: Calgary, New Salisbury (RL Calgary, Alberta)

Army Level Attachments
3 Artillery Regiments (2 Heavy Art., 1 Field Art.)

IV Corps
HQ: Chinooktown, Montana
3 Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)

I Guard Corps
HQ: Regina, New Salisbury (RL Regina, Saskatchewan)
3 Guard Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)
1 Engineer Regiment

I Cavalry Corps
HQ: Wadena, New Salisbury (RL Wadena, Saskatchewan)
3 Cavalry Divisions
Attachments:
1 Artillery Regiment (1 Field Art.)


Territorial Army Reserves

Ready Reserve

Columbia
6 Infantry Divisions
1 Artillery Regiment (Field Art.)
1 Engineer Regiment

Olympia
9 Infantry Divisions
3 Artillery Regiments (1 Field, 1 Heavy, 1 Siege Art.)
3 Engineer Regiments

New Scotland (Oregon)
6 Infantry Divisions
2 Artillery Regiments (2 Field Art.)
2 Engineer Regiments

New Salisbury (Alberta-Saskatchewan)
2 Infantry Divisions
3 Cavalry Divisions
2 Artillery Regiments (Heavy Art.)

Montana (Idaho-Montana)
2 Infantry Divisions
1 Cavalry Division
1 Artillery Regiment (Siege Art.)

Upper California
10 Infantry Divisions
2 Cavalry Divisions
10 Artillery Regiments (4 Field, 3 Heavy, 3 Siege Art.)
5 Engineer Regiments

Lower California
9 Infantry Divisions
8 Artillery Regiments (4 Field, 3 Heavy, 1 Siege Art.)
4 Engineer Regiments

Nevada
1 Infantry Division

Arizona
1 Infantry Division

Colorado (Utah-Colorado)
2 Infantry Division
1 Artillery Regiment (Field Art.)

North Baja:
1 Infantry Division
1 Cavalry Division

South Baja
1 Infantry Division
2 Cavalry Divisions
1 Artillery Regiment (Field Art.)

Sonora
1 Infantry Division
2 Artillery Regiments (1 Field, 1 Heavy Art.)
1 Engineer Regiment


Second-Line

Columbia
6 Infantry Divisions

Olympia
12 Infantry Divisions

New Scotland (Oregon)
6 Infantry Divisions

New Salisbury (Alberta-Saskatchewan)
3 Infantry Divisions
3 Cavalry Divisions

Montana (Idaho-Montana)
3 Infantry Divisions
2 Cavalry Divisions

Upper California
21 Infantry Divisions
3 Cavalry Divisions

Lower California
18 Infantry Divisions
2 Cavalry Divisions

Nevada
3 Infantry Divisions

Arizona
3 Infantry Divisions

Colorado
1 Infantry Division

North Baja:
1 Infantry Division
1 Cavalry Division

South Baja
1 Infantry Division
1 Cavalry Division

Sonora
3 Infantry Divisions


Mobilization Points

Surrey, Columbia
Esquimalt, Columbia
Prince James, Columbia (RL Prince George, British Columbia)

Richland, Olympia
Seattle, Olympia
Spokane, Olympia

Portland, New Scotland
Eugenia, New Scotland

Sarcramento, Upper California
San Francisco, Upper California
Redding, Upper California

Humboldtburg, Nevada (Carson City)
Las Vegas, Nevada

Los Angeles, Lower California
Bakersfield, Lower California

San Diego, North Baja

La Paz, South Baja

Phoenix, Arizona
Albuquerque, Arizona

Cajerne, Sonora
Nogales, Sonora
Juarez, Sonora

Beaver, Colorado
Salt Lake City, Colorado

New Glasgow, Montana
Billings, Montana
Carolina, Montana (RL Helena, Montana)

Saskatoon, New Salisbury
Regina, New Salisbury
Calgary, New Salisbury
Edmonton, New Salisbury


Overseas Army Command

Army of Australia
HQ: Sydney, New South Wales

Western Corps
Responsible for Defense of Western Australia
HQ: Perth, Kingsland
3 Colonial Infantry Divisions
Attachment:
2 Colonial Artillery Regiments

Independent Command
1st Australian Cavalry

Eastern Corps
Responsible for Defense of Eastern Australia and New Guinea
HQ: Sydney, New South Wales
2 Colonial Infantry Divisions
Attachment:
1 Colonial Artillery Regiment

New Guinea Garrison
HQ: Port Moresby, New Guinea
1 Colonial Infantry Division
Attachment:
1 Artillery Regiment


Reservist Units
Ready Reserve:
6 Colonial Infantry Divisions
2 Colonial Artillery Regiments
Second-Line:
6 Colonial Infantry Divisions


Army of Zealandia
HQ: Hoare, Zealandia (RL Wellington, New Zealand)

South Zealandia
HQ: Christchurch, Zealandia
1 Colonial Infantry Division

North Zealandia
HQ: Noumea, New Caledonia and Hoare, Zealandia
1 Colonial Infantry Division

Reservist Units
Ready Reserve:
1 Colonial Infantry Division
2 Colonial Artillery Regiments
Second-Line:
5 Colonial Infantry Divisions



Army of the Philippines
HQ: Manila, the Philippines

Philippine Corps
3 Colonial Infantry Divisions
Attachments:
2 Colonial Artillery Regiments

Independent Command
1 Colonial Cavalry Division - Divided into regiments and battalions as additional troops on the central islands with 2 of four total regiments retained for Luzon.

Reservist Units
Ready Reserve:
1 Colonial Infantry Division
1 Colonial Artillery Regiment
Second-Line:
None

Army of the Pacific Islands
HQ: Honolulu, Kingdom of Hawai'i and Samoa

Pacific Garrison Division
HQ: Honolulu, Kingdom of Hawai'i and Samoa
1 Colonial Infantry Division
- Hawai'i Garrison
- Marianas Garrison
- West Carolines Garrison
- East Carolines Garrison
- Samoa Garrison
- Fiji Garrison
- New Britain Garrison
- New Ireland Garrison
- Bougainville Garrison

Reservist Units (All are Hawai'ian)
Ready Reserve:
1 Colonial Infantry Division
1 Colonial Artillery Division
Second-Line:
1 Colonial Infantry Division

[Simon_Jester]

Hi, everyone; I'm playing China.

大清國 (Empire of the Great Qing)

Tier: Regional Power
As of 1910, China has effectively no long-distance force projection ability, and its economy is well behind that of greater powers such as Germany, the United Kingdom of the Pacific, or (most significantly) its immediate neighbor, the Empire of Wa. The vast majority of the population is made up of rural peasants whose lives are virtually identical to those of their ancestors five hundred years ago.

Population: 5 (100+ million)
Historically, the population of the territories Qing China encompasses in 1910 was roughly 400 million.

National Resources: 4 (70% national self-sufficiency)
China is fully self-sufficient in food and most raw materials, but still relies on foreign imports for many products of heavy industry, including machine tools and a variety of military equipment.

Colonial Territory: 1 (50 Colony Points, +1 million population, 100/200 Colonial Army Points, 80 cash/quarter)
Colonial Claims: Tibet (15 points) Yakutsk (15 points) Irkutsk (20 points)
The Chinese lay claim to all Asia north of China proper to the Arctic, excepting those areas occupied by the Empire of Wa. This is only possible thanks to the westward shift in power among the Mongol and Turkic people of the Khaganate of the Golden Horde. This permitted the Qing in centuries past to move north into a power vacuum in Mongolia and Siberia. However, Siberia in this era is almost entirely unsettled, mostly dominated by a gaggle of poorly supervised Mongol and Manchu traders and bandits. The only organized Chinese settlements of any size in the entire region are clustered around the fortified city of Irkutsk, the most remote outpost of the Empire. Of slightly more note is the recent reconquest of Tibet, brought back under firm imperial rule after a Qing expedition reached Lhasa in 1905, deposing the Dalai Lama, who fled to India.

Industry: 3 (300 IBPs/quarter)
China has experienced an ongoing industrial boom since the mid-1860s, under the auspices of the remarkable Prince Fu. While the nation's heavy industrial capabilities still lag behind those of the developed world, the gap has begun to close rapidly over the past two decades, as the Self Strengthening movement began to bear full fruit.

Economy: 3 (2 years' war mobilization, 600 cash/quarter)
While the sheer size of China's population gives them immense economic potential, this potential is as yet untapped. Again, for the majority of Chinese little has changed in the past fifty years, and per capita GDP is still very low. Much of China's liquid currency comes from the export market, but to control this market, the Chinese government is still forced to wrestle with foreign companies that have the advantage of direct backing from Western powers.

Infrastructure: 1 (8 weeks to mobilize Ready Reserve, 8 months to mobilize Second Line)
Most of China is effectively landlocked, making efficient shipping of goods through the nation impossible. Railroad construction has proceeded at a breakneck pace for the past four decades, but the rail network is far from adequate to the country's needs. Much internal traffic still flows on the venerable canal network. This has major, crippling consequences for the nation's military mobilization capabilities, though the central government continues to expand the rail network and other infrastructure programs as fast as possible.

Navy Power: 2 (800 points, no starting dreadnoughts)
Only in the past decade has China established yards capable of building modern or near-modern ships of above a few thousand tons. Before this time, and to a lesser extent even today, China relied heavily on foreign-built warships to fill out its naval strength. This, combined with the near total destruction of the Chinese navy during the disastrous Sino-Wa War of 1894-5, relegates China to a low tier of naval strength.

Army Power: 5 (3500 points)
In contrast to its underdeveloped fleet, China has one of the world's largest armies. The Qing keep nearly two million men under arms in the active duty and reserve forces. Foreign analysts project that this force could expand to roughly five million in less than a year in the event that China should enact conscription plans. This prospect is extremely daunting for any would-be attacker, inspiring one prominent Pacifican MP to remark: "Never get into a land war in Asia."

Qing Imperial Navy

History
The history of the modern Imperial Navy begins with a series of humiliating defeats at the hands of foreign powers over trading rights in the mid-1800s. It soon became clear that the Chinese military was effectively powerless to prevent enemy warships from ranging its coasts at will; even small gunboats could fight their way past local defense forces with confidence of success. The overwhelming naval superiority of Western powers led to a series of unfavorable treaties and concessions accepted by the Qing government.

Correcting this situation was a top priority for the Self-Strengthening Movement. Of the surge of customs revenue from the opening years of the program, much was directed into the construction of military shipyards and the purchase of foreign warships. Of particular interest were a series of German-built armored cruisers of up to seven thousand tons, which served as the flagships of the Imperial fleet. These ships were designed to be a match for any individual European warship likely to be fielded in Chinese waters, and were largely successful at this role. They were backed by a large force of lighter cruisers, gunboats, and torpedo boats. By 1890, the Chinese fleet was ranked as "seventh best in the world," and was taken very seriously in the calculations of anyone proposing to interfere in China's economic policy.

At the outset of the Sino-Wa War of 1894, China's main naval force, the Beiyang Fleet based in Tientsin, was the largest single concentration of naval power in Asia. On paper it had great superiority over the Wa fleet opposing it, especially in heavy guns. But a series of naval battles showed major weaknesses in the Beiyang Fleet: a lack of government funding left the fleet poorly maintained, morale was low, and corrupt officials selling supplies on the black market reduced the ships' combat effectiveness. Within four months, the great majority of China's capital ships had been sunk or captured by Wa.

This humiliation provoked a major shift in naval strategy. Much of the prewar leadership was executed or dismissed in disgrace. While efforts to replace the destroyed capital ships proceeded during the postwar era, the focus of the Imperial Navy changed from using medium and heavy combatants to deter intervention by Western powers toward defending the coastline against the larger Wa navy.

As a consequence, much of the Chinese naval force is focused on light combatants designed to harass enemy ships close to their bases. The Chinese battle line is distinctly second-rate, with no capital ships commissioned and designed prior to 1905. The Dreadnought Revolution has caught China by surprise, and they have yet to lay down the keels for domestic-built dreadnoughts or arranged purchase overseas for such.

Within those limits, China possesses a fairly capable coast defense force. Their immediate postwar construction wave included a number of cruisers, but was heavily biased towards torpedo boats, which could be built quickly in great numbers to restore China's naval deterrent against enemy capital ships. Torpedo boat construction slowed to a halt in 1901, when Chinese naval attaches began reporting on the alarming rise of turbine-engined "torpedo boat destroyers" that could reliably intercept and destroy conventional steam-powered torpedo boats.

Since that point, the Chinese government has canceled mass torpedo boat production plans and begun more gradual construction of a series of more modern "destroyers." Further investigation on the subject of submersible torpedo boats inspired the purchase of a number of models from German and Pacifican yards, as well.

The capital ship force consists mainly of home-built cruisers and foreign-built battleships; notable exceptions include a pair of very modern light cruisers built at Pacifica's famous Long Beach Navy Yard, as well as the latest additions to China's battleship force. These ships, first conceived in 1904, laid down in 1906 and completed in 1909, can best be described as "semi-dreadnoughts," being a relatively progressive for a pre-dreadnought design.

Naval Forces

800 Navy Points

6 PDN: 180 pts.
6 CA: 150 pts.
10 CL: 100 pts.
20 DD: 120 pts.
10 SS: 90 pts.
80 TB: 160 pts. (coastal)

Total cost: 800 points, 79 cash/quarter, 22000 officers and crew

Pre-Dreadnought Battleships:
2x native-built, native-designed "semi-dreadnoughts," completed 1909
2x German-built pre-dreadnoughts, completed 1905
2x Pacifican-built Excellence-class pre-dreadnoughts, completed 1899

Armoured Cruisers
2x native-built, native-designed, completed 1905
2x native-built, native-designed, completed 1901
2x German-built, completed 1895 (trials rushed, but did not arrive until after end of Sino-Wa War)

Light Cruisers
2x Pacifican-built light cruisers, completed 1908
2x native-built, native-designed light cruisers, completed 1902
6x native-built, designed with German technical aid, completed 1896-7.

Destroyers
20x fast torpedo boat destroyers, native-built 1903-9, uniformly turbine-powered

Submarines
4x submersible torpedo boats, German-built, completed 1908-9
6x submersible torpedo boats, Pacifican-built, completed 1906-9,

Torpedo boats
80x coastal torpedo boats, nearly all home-built, vintage varying from 1880s to 1902.

[note: China has 3500 Army Points to start with; all forts are paid for from this reserve]

Fortresses of Imperial China

Totals:
1 Third Rate Coastal Fortress
4 Second Rate Coastal Fortresses
2 First Rate Coastal Fortresses
40 km Field Fortifications
40 km Polygonal Fortifications
40 km Underground Fortifications
10 km Reinforced Underground Fortifications

Cost: 284 points, 15.4 $/quarter, 14500 permanent garrison troops

Breakdown of fortresses by Location:

Irkutsk: Polygonal Point Fortress
Irkutsk, on the shore of Lake Baikal, and its surroundings are the only Chinese colony of substantial size in Siberia. Due to its position close to the border with the Khaganate, and due to a rather ill-considered fit of expansionist ambition in the 1870s, there is a substantial ring fortress surrounding the city, of the typical mid-19th century style. Irkutsk is served by a long rail line, single-tracked over much of its length.

Elsewhere on the Sino-Mongol border, there are no fortifications of any strategic note. Entrenched camps and blockhouses are common, and the overall border defense force is not small, but the remoteness of the area and the lack of chokepoints in the terrain make static defenses useless except as a tripwire (see the Great Wall of China and its modern successor, humorously named by Westerners as the Great Barbed Wire Fence of China)...

Kunming: Polygonal Point Fortress
The city of Kunming in the south of China is of great strategic importance. It sits on the only rail line between China and Vietnam (the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway, constructed at great expense of blood and treasure between 1902 and 1908), and even before the railroad was built, was a trading center for caravans headed further south. Moreover, foreign industrial concerns in the province make Yunnan a likely flash point for conflicts with the West. Thus, the city is covered by a ring of semimodern fortifications, with the hope of standing off a siege until reinforcements arrive. Kunming is in a small basin in mountain country; the defenses mostly concentrate on the narrow passes approaching the city.

Zhennan Pass: Underground Fortress Line
The Zhennan Pass has been the main route for commerce between China and Vietnam for centuries. Today, with the rise of the Empire of Vietnam as a major power in East Asia, the defenses of this pass are taken to be of extreme importance, and today the pass is held by modern fortifications designed to withstand heavy artillery bombardment almost indefinitely.

[author's note: look up the historical Battle of Bang Bo if you want to know why]

Dongxing: Polygonal Fortress Line
Dongxing is a coastal town on the border between China and Vietnam, and like the Zhennan Pass is a key route between the two nations. While the defenses here are less extensive than those of the Pass, they are still substantial, reaching from the shore up into the mountains north of the city, along the line of the Beilun River.

Canton: Polygonal Point Fortress, Second Rate Coastal Fortress
Canton (Guangzhou) is one of the largest ports in China. It is the naval base for the Guangdong Fleet, which is responsible for covering Hainan and the Gulf of Tonkin. The city is also located close to the foreign concessions at Macao and Hong Kong, upriver from the estuary these ports are on. Thus, the land approaches are covered by 1880s-vintage defenses on the south bank, to prevent troops marching upriver from seizing the navy yard. A force approaching up the river would also have to fight their way past a number of coast defense batteries, up to and including battleship-grade artillery.

Foochow: Second Rate Coastal Fortress
Foochow (Fuzhou) is the naval base for the Fujian Fleet, several miles upriver from the coast. The Foochow arsenal is also China's largest military shipyard, having recently completed construction of a pair of semi-dreadnought battleships. Moreover, the city is almost directly opposite the island of Taiwan, lost to Wa in the Sino-Wa War; as such it is a site of constant military activity. The city is covered by coast defense batteries at the river mouth, making it effectively impossible to enter artillery range of the shipyards without first dealing with the batteries.

Shanghai: First Rate Coastal Fortress
Shanghai, at the mouth of the Yellow River, is the base for the Nanyang Fleet and the site of the Kiangnan Arsenal. It is also the site of the International Settlement, a connected region of foreign-owned concessions that are formally the territory of various Western powers such as Pacifica and the Freie Deutsche Republik. As such, it is the most Western city in China, and is exceptionally wealthy by Eastern standards, often known as "the Paris of the East." However, the presence of enormous numbers of foreigners makes the city an extremely likely flash point for conflicts with the West.

The government maintains a large garrison near the city, either to suppress anti-Western demonstrators or (if necessary) directly invest or assault the foreign concessions. For political reasons, there are no permanent land fortifications near the city, but the river approach to Shanghai is covered by heavy coast defense batteries, including one particularly formidable position mounting four 12" battleship guns on an artificial island in the estuary.

Tsingtao: Third Rate Coastal Fort
Tsingtao (Qingdao) is a minor naval defense and fleet supply base; a torpedo boat squadron is based here.

Weihaiwei: Second Rate Coastal Fort
This port is one of two major bases for the heavy Beiyang Fleet, China's first line force for operations against the Empire of Wa. It is also the main base of the nascent Chinese submarine force.

Tientsin: Second Rate Coastal Fort
This is the alternate base for the Beiyang Fleet, being somewhat more distant from Wa attack. The fortifications here serve both to cover the naval base, and to prevent enemies from steaming upriver and attacking the capital at Peking directly.

Qinhuangdao: Reinforced Underground Fortress Line, Field Fortifications Line, First Rate Coastal Fortress
This city lies on the Sino-Wa border at the coast. The only rail line between China and Wa passes through the city, and it is the last narrow point in the main overland route between the two empires. As such, and in light of the outcome of the Sino-Wa war and the Wa fear of the massive Chinese army, the region is among the most heavily fortified places on Earth.

On the Chinese side of the border, the front line of defenses stretches from the mountains to the shore of the Bohai Sea just west of the town of Shanhaiguen, along the line of the Shihe River. Coincidentally, Shanhaiguen is also where the historic Great Wall of China meets the sea, though the Wall serves as little defense against modern armies. The new "Great Wall" in this area consists of a series of heavily dug in fortresses with disappearing cupola-mounted guns and heavy roofs of reinforced concrete, designed to shrug off anything up to naval gunfire. Some of the cupolas mount battleship-weight guns in their own right, as a counter to expected Wa capital ship superiority in the event of a second Sino-Wa War.

Several kilometers back from the main defensive works is a secondary fallback line of comparatively light, improvised works- concrete blockhouses, trenches, bomb shelters, and large ditches suited for strategic inundation. This line is permanently occupied by an elite division of the Beiyang Army.

Mountain passes, Zhili Provincial Border: 30 km Underground Forts, 30 km Field Fortifications
There are several passes through the mountains inland on the Sino-Wa border. While none carry major rail lines or pass through densely settled territory, any could potentially serve as an invasion route, and a Wa offensive that carried the passes would quickly threaten the important city of Chengde; the capital at Peking would be in danger in short order.

Therefore, these passes are fortified, though the defenses are not as rugged or heavily gunned as the ones at Qinhuangdao, because they are not expected to have to deal with shore bombardment. On each pass, the front line consists of a series of underground forts positioned to sweep the pass with artillery and machine gun fire, while a permanently manned line of entrenchments lies a few kilometers to the rear. The combined length of the fortifications is roughly thirty kilometers, all told.

Qing Imperial Army

Organization and Equipment:

The Chinese Army can be divided into three major categories:

The New Armies are permanent standing field formations, kept concentrated at major military encampments. They are armed with the most modern available weapons. Their main infantry weapon is the Hanyang 88 magazine rifle, patterned on the German Mauser Gewehr 88, the firing five-round stripper clips. Certain elite units are equipped with the Gewehr 88's successor, the Gewehr 98.

Machine gun armament is relatively light, with the guns being fielded in large and clumsy batteries on the regimental level. The field and siege artillery is semi-modern by European standards; the most recent indigenous designs show marked improvement compared to their earlier German Krupp and French de Bange models.

The New Armies are largely responsible for securing the borders against the opening stages of an enemy attack, and contain most of the Chinese army's cavalry and artillery.

One unusual trait of the New Armies is the existence of dedicated assault "companies" (roughly battalion strength) among the infantry. Armed with grenades and the Jiangnan 96 pistol (a copy of the German Mauser C96 with a detachable stock), these units train to storm fortified positions under heavy covering fire from the division's artillery support. By the standards of modern armies, their lack of effective long range weapons makes them a questionable tactical choice. They are generally expected to make a poor showing in future wars.


The Green Standard Armies are a modernized form of what were once the Qing Dynasty's gendarmerie and provincial garrison forces. In the distant past they were also the main source of recruits for major military campaigns, outnumbering all other branches of the Chinese military by three to one.

Revitalized in the 1870s and early 1880s under Prince Fu's "Self-Strengthening Programs," the Green Standard Armies now make up the bulk of China's readily available infantry forces. However, they are relatively under-armed: most divisions lack modern artillery, machine guns are nearly unheard of, and even repeating rifles are not uniformly available, with backwater garrison units often carrying single shot breechloaders dating back to the late 1870s. Getting modern weapons to these units to make them fit for battle is a major challenge in all Chinese mobilization plans.

Green Standard units are widely distributed throughout the country, often scattered in platoon or company sized provincial garrisons. In the event of major callup, the Green Banner forces are scheduled to march to assembly points and drill for a period of two to four weeks in order to practice coordinated field maneuvers. Periodic maneuvers are held during peacetime as well.

Historically, the Green Standard Armies were a great disappointment during the Sino-Wa War of 1894-5. Large forces of Green Standard troops assembled into regiment-sized and larger formations, and completed the scheduled working-up period, according to prewar expectations. But due to the lack of a well organized mobilization plan and the sparse nature of China's rail network, most of the troops had to march great distances en route to the front. Desertion was substantial, and there were many cases of troops collapsing of fatigue on the infamous "Long Marches."

To make matters worse, at this time the Green Standard armies were not even uniformly equipped with breech-loading rifles, many units being armed with Hsi-Ku Type 3 rifled muskets. Most of the actual fighting was left to the relatively small number of New Army troops holding the northeastern frontier, who were soon worn down by the efficient and disciplined Wa conscript forces.

Since the war, the Imperial government has devoted great efforts to preplanning future war mobilizations, and to upgrading the Green Standard's armament, though it is still the least common denominator of the Chinese military. Further effort has gone into improving the national rail network and increasing the availability of rolling stock, including the now ubiquitous "eight horses" boxcar, so named because of the standard plaque reading "eight horses or forty men". It is estimated that in the event of an emergency mobilization, all Green Standard garrison units allotted as reserve divisions could be mobilized within six weeks, and moved to the front lines within a few weeks more.

Green Standard formations are often used as labor battalions (compare to the Roman practice of using legions to build highways) and fortress troops. Thus, the Green Standard Armies contain most of China's experienced combat engineering formations.


The Banner Armies were once the core of the Imperial war machine. During the long peace of the 1700s and early 1800s, these forces decayed to a fraction of the size of the Green Standard units, and became little more than a hereditary warrior caste… generally one with no war experience. As a result, they were effectively disbanded during the Self-Strengthening reforms, with most of their forces being rolled into the Green Standard or New Army units.

However, the Year One strategy overviews of 1908 came up with a new role for these ancient and illustrious forces. Today, the Banner Armies exist mostly as paper formations, training cadre, and munitions stockpiles. In the event of a major war, they will be filled out with peasant recruits and the first surge of arms production from the state arsenals.

To Occidental observers, the Banner Armies are known as the "Yellow Peril Divisions," because they consist mainly of a massive wave of conscript infantry, and are often expected to be the first such wave of many.

Colonial Forces

4 Colonial Cavalry Divisions, active duty, in Mongolia
2 Colonial Infantry Divisions, ready reserve, in Mongolia
2 Colonial Infantry Divisions, ready reserve, in Tibet

Total Cost: 100 points, 10 cash/quarter, 64000 men

Regular Active Duty Forces
[will identify the positions units are posted to later]

30 Infantry Divisions
17 Cavalry Divisions
6 Guard Infantry Divisions
1 Guard Cavalry Division
14 Artillery Regiments (10 field, 4 siege)
3 Engineer Regiments

Total Cost: 1108 points, 110.5 cash/quarter, 771,000 men under arms

Ready Reserve Forces

60 Engineer Regiments
60 Infantry Divisions
10 Artillery Regiments (heavy)

Total Cost: 940 points, 85 cash/quarter, 1,170,000 men in reserve

Second Line Forces

175 Infantry Divisions
58 Cavalry Divisions

Total Cost: 1165 points, 116.5 cash/quarter, 3,264,000 men

Total Cost of Armed Forces:
416.4 cash/quarter, 5.3 million men (counting second line formations)
_______________________

Disposition of the Imperial Fleet

Beiyang Fleet
The Beiyang Fleet is stationed to cover the Yellow Sea against Wa naval incursions. In the late 19th century the fleet was based at Weihai, but the Wa seizure of the critical naval base at Lüshun (Port Arthur) has threatened this position, and it proved impractical to hold the city against amphibious landings during the Sino-Wa War.

The bulk of the fleet now anchors at Tientsin, covering the river approaches to Peking, and in easy steaming range of the seaward flank of the border defenses at Qinhuangdao. A third major anchorage is under construction at the port of Tsingtao, one which may prove easier to hold against concerted attack.

HQ: Tientsin
Pre-dreadnought Kangxi
Pre-dreadnought Chi Yuan
Pre-dreadnought Ting Yuan
Armored cruiser Ping Yuan
2 Light Cruisers
8 Destroyers
20 Torpedo Boats

A substantial force of light torpedo craft remains based at Weihai; because of their relatively short operational range, this base is also used for China's submarine force, which is still in many ways an experimental branch.

HQ: Weihai
20 Torpedo Boats
10 Submarines

Tsingtao likewise harbors a torpedo force; it is not yet prepared to receive capital ships.

HQ: Tsingtao
2 Destroyers
12 Torpedo Boats

Nanyang Fleet
This fleet, like the rest of the Shanghai defenses, is meant in large part to overawe Western powers. China's obsolete capital ships tend to weaken the desired effect, but a thirteen thousand ton warship remains a thirteen thousand ton warship. The fact that it would be easily dismantled by a modern dreadnought is little consolation when the nearest friendly dreadnought is days away (the Wa) or, more likely, weeks away (the Royal Pacifican Navy).

HQ: Shanghai
Pre-dreadnought Qianlong
Pre-dreadnought Chih Yuan
Armored cruiser Nan-jui
Armored cruiser Nan-ch'en
2 Light Cruisers
4 Destroyers
8 Torpedo Boats

Fujian Fleet
Based at Foochow, the Fujian Fleet gained new importance with the loss of Taiwan to Wa during the Sino-Wa War. However, the Navy's heavy capital ships are judged to be more urgently needed on other stations.

HQ: Foochow (Fuzhou)
Armored cruiser Ping Yuan
Armored cruiser Lai Yuan
4 Light Cruisers
2 Destroyers
12 Torpedo Boats

Guangdong Fleet
This fleet's main mission is to patrol the waters around Hainan and act as a first line of defense against naval sorties from the Empire of Vietnam. While it is somewhat heavier than the Fujian Fleet, politically it is generally considered a backwater command.

HQ: Canton (Guangzhou)
Pre-dreadnought Chen Yuan
Armored cruiser Ching Yuan
2 Light Cruisers
4 Destroyers
8 Torpedo Boats

Disposition of the Imperial Army, by Province

[Work in Progress]
[Author's note: this order of battle does not yet include Second Line formations. The Qing second line divisions are peasant conscripts, so the density of divisions raised depends on population density. I haven't worked out what the distribution of the population is yet, so I don't feel comfortable posting an ORBAT for the second line; I'll get to it.]

Active Forces (New Army)

Beiyang Army
This army-sized formation is the first line of defense on the Sino-Wa border in Zhili Province, responsible for holding the border fortresses until reinforcements from the Green Standard reserve formations arrive. The front line troops of the Beiyang Army are better equipped than any other major formation in China.

The inland passes are covered by two dug-in rifle corps, but because of the discontinuous nature of the front they guard, both corps are headquartered in centrally located towns well back from the front. The troops under their command are mostly self-contained at the brigade level, because many of the passes are too narrow for a full division to deploy in line.

Army Level Units
Army HQ: Peking
2 Infantry Divisions, Funing (reserves for Haigang or Zhenxi Corps)
2 Infantry Divisions, Chengde (reserves for Zhenxi or Zhenbei Corps)
Engineer Regiment, Chengde (deployed by companies along inland passes)
1 Cavalry Division (army-level mobile reserve)
1 Field Artillery Regiment (army-level artillery reserve)

Haigang Corps
HQ: Qinhuangdao, Zhili Province, Haigang District
2 Guards Infantry Divisions (one holding the trenches back of the "Great Wall" line, the other in reserve behind them)
1 Field Artillery Regiment
1 Siege Artillery Regiment (obsolete coast defense howitzers in semi-static mounts aimed at the forward Wa lines)
1 Engineer Regiment

Zhenxi ("Guard the West") Corps
HQ: Quin'an, Zhili Province, Haigang District
Area of Operations: Southern inland passes
1.5 Guards Infantry Divisions (six brigades, holding trenches back of the "Great Wall" line)
1.5 Infantry Divisions (six brigades in reserve behind the Guards)
1 Field Artillery Regiment (split to cover multiple passes)

Zhenbei ("Guard the North") Corps
HQ: Chengde, Zhili Province, Shuangqiao District
Area of Operations: Northern inland passes
1.5 Guards Infantry Divisions (six brigades, holding trenches back of the "Great Wall" line)
1.5 Infantry Divisions (six brigades in reserve behind the Guards)
1 Field Artillery Regiment (split to cover multiple passes)

Jiangsu Army
The main mission of the Jiangsu Army involves the city of Shanghai, the center of foreign involvement in China. Either anti-Western uprisings around Shanghai or a declaration of war by Western powers would demand a swift, overwhelming response to secure Shanghai. An entire army corps is stationed in the immediate vicinity of the city, with a second corps a day's forced march away. This army is somewhat inferior to the Beiyang Army in equipment and morale, but has exceptional discipline; control of the troops under the eyes of Western civilians is a major concern.

Shanghai Corps
Corps HQ: Shanghai (keeps order in the city)
3 Infantry Divsions
1 Cavalry Division
1 Field Artillery Regiment

Nanhu Corps
Corps HQ: Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, Jinchang District
3 Infantry Divisions
1 Cavalry Division
1 Field Artillery Regiment

Guangxi Army
This force's chief responsibility is to cover the border with the Empire of Vietnam. It is relatively well equipped, though not on the same scale as the Beiyang Army.

Army HQ: Nanning, Guangxi Province

Army Level Units
2 Infantry Divisions (reserve for the fortifications)
1 Cavalry Division (mobile reserve)

Zhennan Corps
HQ: Chongzuo, Guangxi Province, Jiangzhou District
1 Guards Infantry Division (dug in directly behind the fortress line at the Zhennan Pass)
2 Infantry Divisions (one in close reserve behind Guards division, one held back nearby at Pingxiang)
1 Field Artillery Regiment (Zhennan Pass)
1 Siege Artillery Regiment (Zhennan Pass)
1 Engineer Regiment (Zhennan Pass)

Gangkou Corps
HQ: Fangcheng, Guangxi Province, Gangkou District
2 Infantry Divisions (one holding fortifications at Dongxing, one in reserve)
1 Field Artillery Regiment (Dongxing)

Frontier Army
This is mostly an administrative category for the cavalry forces responsible for keeping order on the western frontier. The Sino-Mongol border is too long to be held down in any concentrated sense; the garrisons required would far outnumber the population. Instead, the border forces are kept mobile and dispersed, trying to keep order among the Turkic and Mongol people of the region

Qinghai Corps
4 Cavalry Divisions, dispersed throughout the province
1 Infantry Division, concentrated around Xining, Qinghai Province

Gansu Corps
4 Cavalry Divsions, dispersed throughout the western end of the province.
1 Infantry Division, concentrated around Zhangye, Gansu Province

Mongolian Army (corps-sized formation, called army for historical reasons)
4 Cavalry Divisions, dispersed throughout Outer Mongolia
1 Infantry Division, concentrated around Ulaan Bator
4 Colonial Cavalry Divisions (ethnic Mongol) in Qing service

Minor Formations
These units are not directly affiliated with any army-size formation. Most are large city garrison units with enough modern weapons to be classed with the New Army rather than the Green Standard Army.

Imperial Guard
Guard Cavalry Division, Peking
This unit has been in existence for the entire history of the Qing; over the past few decades it has been updated into a more modern-style formation, with the focus on horseback archery and similar skills becoming more of a pastime.

Kaifeng Ordnance Proving Ground
1 Siege Artillery Regiment
1 Field Artillery Regiment
This military base is used as a testing site for native-designed and built Chinese artillery. The main focus of testing at present is a new type of siege howitzer, designed to make use of recent innovations in recoil systems.

Irkutsk Garrison
1 Infantry Division
The Irkutsk garrison is generally spread widely on patrol and garrison, with a brigade-sized core holding the fortifications directly around the town.

Kunming Garrison
1 Infantry Division, holding fortifications
1 Field Artillery Regiment
These troops hold the fortifications of Kunming, a city important as both the economic center and provincial capital of Yunnan Province.

Canton Garrison
1 Infantry Divsion, holding fortifications
1 Siege Artillery Regiment (obsolete naval howitzers that can be dismounted for use on land)

Chengdu Garrison
1 Infantry Division

Changsha Garrison
1 Infantry Division

Nanchang Garrison
1 Infantry Division

Kaifeng Garrison
1 Infantry Division

Weihai Garrison
1 Infantry Division

Ready Reserve Forces (Green Standard Army)

The Green Standard forces mostly consist of provincial garrison units that need time to assemble and work up into forces capable of operating on division level. Certain artillery units are also relegated to the Green Standard Army, usually because their readiness is rated low enough that the regiment is expected to need a major period of training to perform acceptably in wartime.

Here, forces are simply listed by number of divisions or regiments per province, assembly point, and estimated time to assemble and work up the unit:

Tibet
2 Colonial Infantry Divisions (Tibetan, lightly armed), Lhasa, ~4 weeks
1 Infantry Division, Lhasa, ~6 weeks
1 Engineer Regiment, Lhasa, ~6 weeks

Yunnan
3 Infantry Divisions: Dali, Kunming, Wenshan, ~8 weeks
3 Engineer Regiments: Dali, Kunming, Wenshan, ~8 weeks

Guangxi
3 Infantry Divisions: Nanning, Luzhou, Fangchenggang, ~4 weeks
3 Engineer Regiments: Nanning, Luzhou, Fangchenggang, ~4 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment: Nanning, ~4 weeks

Guangdong
5 Infantry Divisions: Haikou, Canton, Yangjiang, Shanwei, Shantou, ~4 weeks
5 Engineer Regiments: Haikou, Canton, Yangjiang, Shanwei, Shantou, ~4 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment: Canton, ~4 weeks

Guizhou
1 Infantry Division: Guiyang, ~6 weeks
1 Engineer Regiment: Guiyang ~6 weeks

Hunan
3 Infantry Divisions: Shaoyang, Changsha, Chenzhou, ~4 weeks
3 Engineer Regiments: Shaoyang, Changsha, Chenzhou, ~4 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment: Changsha ~ 4 weeks

Jiangxi
2 Infantry Divisions: Ganzhou, Nanchang, ~6 weeks
2 Engineer Regiments: Ganzhou, Nanchang, ~6 weeks

Fujian
2 Infantry Division: Foochow, Sanming, ~6 weeks
2 Engineer Regiment: Foochow, Sanming, ~6 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment: Foochow, ~6 weeks

Sichuan
3 Infantry Divisions: Chengdu, Chongqing, Liangshan, ~6 weeks
3 Engineer Regiments: Chengdu, Chongqing, Liangshan, ~6 weeks

Hubei
3 Infantry Divisions: Wuhan, Xiangfan, Jingzhou, ~4 weeks
3 Engineer Regiments: Wuhan, Xiangfan, Jingzhou, ~4 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment, Wuhan, ~4 weeks

Anhui
3 Infantry Divisions: Hefei, Chizhou, Suzhou, ~4 weeks
3 Engineer Regiments: Hefei, Chizhou, Suzhou, ~4 weeks

Zhejiang
3 Infantry Divisions: Hangzhou, Wenzhou, Quzhou, ~4 weeks
3 Engineer Regiments: Hangzhou, Wenzhou, Quzhou, ~4 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment, Hangzhou

Jiangsu
5 Infantry Divisions: Shanghai, Zhenjiang, Nanjing, Huaian, Yixing, ~2 weeks
5 Engineer Regiments: Shanghai, Zhenjiang, Nanjing, Huaian, Yixing, ~2 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment, Nanjing

Gansu
1 Infantry Divisions: Zhongwei, ~8 weeks
1 Engineer Regiments: Zhongwei, ~8 weeks

Shaanxi
2 Infantry Divisions: both at Xi'an, first at ~4 weeks, second at ~8 weeks
2 Engineer Regiments: both at Xi'an, first at ~4 weeks, second at ~8 weeks

Henan
4 Infantry Divisions: Nanyang, Zhengzhou, Zhoukou, Puyang ~4 weeks
4 Engineer Regiments: Nanyang, Zhengzhou, Zhoukou, Puyang, ~4 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment, Zhengzhou, ~4 weeks

Shandong
5 Infantry Divisions: Weihai, Weifang, Jinan, Jinan, Jining, ~2 weeks
5 Engineer Regiments: Weihai, Weifang, Jinan, Jinan, Jining, ~2 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment, Jinan

Shanxi
2 Infantry Divisions: Datong, Taiyuan, ~6 weeks
2 Engineer Regiments: Datong, Taiyuan, ~6 weeks

Zhili
6 Infantry Divisions: Peking, Peking, Tientsin, Tientsin, Shijiazuang, Tangshan, ~2 weeks
6 Engineer Regiments: Peking, Peking, Tientsin, Tientsin, Shijiazuang, Tangshan, ~2 weeks
1 Heavy Artillery Regiment, Peking

Inner Mongolia
3 Infantry Divisions: Yinchuan, Hohhot, Xilin Gol, ~8 weeks
3 Engineer Regiments: Yinchuan, Hohhot, Xilin Gol, ~8 weeks

Outer Mongolia
2 Colonial Infantry Divisions: both at Ulaan Baator, ~8 weeks

Second Line Forces (Banner Armies; "Yellow Peril Divisions")
This large conscript force is to be raised directly from the provinces. Training of recruits is to start within two months of mobilization, and the divisions are expected to be raised in two waves five and eight months after mobilization, respectively.

Each province is listed below, along with the number of divisions it is expected to raise in the 5-month and 8-month waves.

Zhili
8 Infantry, 4 Cavalry
then
8 Infantry, 4 Cavalry

Jiangsu
8 Infantry, 3 Cavalry
then
8 Infantry, 3 Cavalry

Guangdong
8 Infantry, 3 Cavalry
then
8 Infantry, 3 Cavalry

Henan
8 Infantry, 2 Cavalry
then
8 Infantry, 2 Cavalry

Shandong
7 Infantry, 2 Cavalry
then
7 Infantry, 2 Cavalry

Sichuan
7 Infantry, 2 Cavalry
then
7 Infantry, 2 Cavalry

Hunan
5 Infantry, 1 Cavalry
then
4 Infantry, 2 Cavalry

Anhui
5 Infantry, 1 Cavalry
then
4 Infantry, 2 Cavalry

Hubei
5 Infantry, 1 Cavalry
then
4 Infantry, 2 Cavalry

Zhejiang
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry
then
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Guangxi
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry
then
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Yunnan
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry
then
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Jiangxi
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry
then
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Liaoning
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry
then
3 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Guizhou
3 Infantry
then
2 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Shanxi
3 Infantry
then
2 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Jilin
3 Infantry
then
2 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Gansu
3 Infantry
then
2 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Inner Mongolia
2 Infantry
then
2 Infantry, 1 Cavalry

Ningxia
1 Infantry
then
1 Cavalry

Qinghai
1 Infantry
then
1 Cavalry

[General Havoc]

SPQR
Senatus Populesque Romanum (Senate and People of Rome)

Common Name: Roman Empire

Government Type: Imperial Republic

Head of State: Marcus Valerius Copiosus Princeps Senatus

Heads of Government: Eleutherius Venizelus Ethnarchus (Consul Superius) and Gulielmus Marconius Gnarus Marchio (Consul Ordinarius)

Legislature: Roman Senate, comprising directly elected representatives from each Senatorial province of the Empire plus the two Consuls and the Princeps Senatus. The Senate is empowered with full legislative authority over Imperial and provincial affairs, with its longest-serving member filling the office of Princeps Senatus, titular Head of State, and responsible for chairing meetings of the Senate.

Executive Branch: Two Consuls, elected for single-year terms, with no strict term limits, but without possibility of re-election until the fifth year after their last term as Consul. Consuls serve as equal heads of Government and are elected Empire-wide through direct election. Consuls are granted veto power over all Imperial functions of government, including the actions of their counterparts.

Major Political Parties: Factio Socialistus Imperialis Romanum (Roman Imperial-Socialist Party, Center-left), Factio Res Publique (Party of the Republic, Center-Right),
Minor Political Parties: Confederatio Populesque Graecum (Grecian People's Confederation, Regionalist), Filii Lupia (Sons of the She-Wolf, Far-Right), Defensor Aragonia (Defenders of Aragon, Regionalist), Amicatia Novus Ordo (New Order Alliance, Extreme Left), Roma Aeternum Subactus (Rome the Eternal Conqueror, Imperialist)
Capital: Rome

Primary Religions: Roman Paganism (official religion, but almost no actual adherents), Roman Catholicism, Greek Orthodox Christianity, Sunni Islam, Syriac Orthodox Christianity, Shi'a Islam, Atheism, Coptic Orthodox Christianity, Sufism, Judaism, Ba'hai Faith.
Languages: Contemporary Latin (Official Language), Italian, Greek, Turkish, Catalonian, Arabic, Coptic, Provencal, Croat, Bulgarian, Albanian, Berber dialects.
Currency Roman Denarius


Population: 3
Natural Resources: 3
Colonial Territory: 4
Industry: 5
Economy: 4
Infrastructure: 5
Navy: 4
Army: 5


Constituent Provinces of the Roman Empire:


The basic administrative unit of the Roman Empire is the Province. Provinces (of which there are 40 as of the end of the Fourth Hispanian War) are governed by Praetors, senior executive administrators junior only to Consuls within the Roman State. Each Province is a region of the state, and while most provinces do conform to rough pre-national boundaries, care is taken to ensure that Provinces are not ersatz nation-states. Most large ethnic groups within the Empire (with the perennial exception of the Italians) are intentionally divided between multiple provinces, so as to provide multiple possible poles of national identification, as so as to cultivate distinctions between, say, a Cilician Turk, and an Anatolian Turk. Practical effects vary.

Provinces are divided between "Senatorial" and "Imperial" classifications, with the former disposing of the Provincial Franchise (and thus the right to elect senators to a certain number of seats in the Senate), and the latter not disposing of these rights. Every year, a variable number of Praetors (Usually 45-60, the exact number is decided upon by the Senate) are elected Empire-wide, the top ___ vote-getters becoming Praetors (where ___ is the number of Praetors for the year). The Praetor with the most votes is appointed the "Urban Praetor", serving as the municipal governor of Rome herself, as well as the chief executive in case of the Consuls being unable to perform their duties. The remaining Praetors are either assigned to a Province, or to preside over special executive duties as commanded by the Senate. In _all_ cases (except the Urban Praetorship), the assignment of which Praetor is to assume which duties is determined by Lottery, administered by the Censors (ex-consular Senators of proven integrity). Accordingly, a Praetor from Carantania (Slovenia) who serves five consecutive years as Praetor can find himself on successive years, Governor of Crete, Overseer of the Decameral Census, Governor of Catalonia, Urban Praetor of Rome, and Governor of Syria.

As no man is permitted to stand for the Consulship without serving at least one term as Praetor (and in practice, with thirty times as many Praetors as Consuls, many more than one term is a requirement in order to stand any chance of being elected), this system is designed to ensure that those who would take reigns of the Empire as a whole have requisite experience in the administration of all manner of provinces and duties across the Empire. It also means that all Provinces, including Italy and Rome herself, often find themselves governed by men from other Provinces. As the Praetorship (like the Consulship) lasts only a single year, incompetent or corrupt Praetors are swiftly brought to account, and all Praetors must face the infamous "Dual report" submitted to the Senate, one from themselves, and one from local authorities concerning their performance (the mechanism for generating the provincial report is left to the various provinces to decide upon). A particularly bad report submitted from an overtaxed or mis-managed province can derail a Praetor's political career and even leave them open to prosecution.

Finally, while an outgoing Consul is barred from standing for Consulship again until five years have passed, there is no such restriction on Praetors. Successful Praetors are often re-elected year after year after year, granting them extensive experience in the management of the Empire and all of its multitudinous challenges and problems. Moreover, Ex-Consuls who wish to be re-elected usually fill the gaps between their Consulships with terms as Praetor, so as to further distinguish themselves and ease their path to the supreme office of the Republic once more.

Within a Senatorial province, all positions besides that of the Governor and his immediate staff are filled locally by whatever electoral means the Province wishes to employ. Governors of Imperial provinces are given more leeway, and can appoint the various administrative positions as they see fit, though hints of Nepotism can be very damaging, and wise Praetors will rely on local authorities as much as possible. Provinces are generally subdivided into "Praefectures", the size and number of which varies from province to province. The local government and constitutional makeup of a given province also varies widely, as does the provincial law and custom, with Imperial or Roman Law automatically superseding any local laws. Despite this, Romans believe that Law is ideally a somewhat mutable science, and thus in practice, provinces (at least Senatorial Provinces) are allowed a fair bit of leeway.


Senatorial Provinces

Italia
Capital: Rome
The heart and nerve center of the Roman Empire since its foundation two and a half millenia ago, Italy, alone among the nations comprising the Empire, retains (near) total unity as a single province, according it a permanent commanding position as the guide and arbiter of Roman affairs. In many ways, the Roman Empire owes its very existence to the determination of the Italians to never permit themselves to be divided ever again.

Venetia
Capital: Venice
Venice is the only major city in Italy that post-dates the old Roman Empire, founded at some point in the Dark Ages by refugees from the mainland, and still retains its distinction today as the so-called "First Province". Venice was officially incorporated into the Empire by negotiation in 1428 at the conclusion of the Venetian Wars, which pitted Rome against a coalition of Venetian, Austrian, and other northern European powers for three ineffective decades.

Noricum
Capital: Luganum
Small in population and rich in warfare, Noricum forms the chief link in the fortified Alpine barrier separating Italy from Germany and the rest of Northern Europe. In the 15th and 16th centuries, various enterprising Roman commanders led armies into Switzerland and the Tyrol with the express purpose of extending Noricum to cover the entire Alpine chain. All of these expeditions ended in defeat, until the Roman debacle at Turicum in 1585 finally ended all impetus towards northern expansion.

Carantania
Capital: Labacum
Roman Carantania is a legacy of the hundred years of give and take between Rome and the Austrian Kingdom, that finally resulted in the capitulation of Naples and the absorption of the region during the mid-15th century. Originally acquired to secure the Labacum Gap and the approaches to Italy from the Northeast, Carantania today is a picturesque, stable, and prosperous region, whose economy is almost wholly oriented southwards towards the rich heartlands of the Empire. Carantanian wine, particularly ice-wine, is considered to be of especially high quality.

Illyria
Capital: Spalatum
A fractious and unstable region, Illyria was not annexed by the Empire until long after all of its neighboring provinces, and then only after threats of foreign penetration of the Mediterranean were raised by Jingo elements in the Senate. Long an unofficial "protectorate" of the Empire, Illyria's absorption has lent the region a degree of stability unseen since the 4th Century, and the region has become the Empire's premier resort destination, equidistant and easily accessible from both Greece and Italy.

Achaea
Capital: Athens
Though many provinces are Greek, Achaea considers itself alone to be Greece. Comprising the heartlands of southern and central Greece, and centered on the Ancient city of Athens, Achaea claims pre-eminence as one of the capitals of the Empire. In cultural terms, this claim is hard to dispute, for Athens remains one of the great pillars of the Roman neo-classical world, one that Italian Romans continue to have a discernable love-hate relationship concerning. It is considered the mark of culture and distinction to have one of the prestigious "Academia" of Achaea on one's educational resume.

Epirus
Capital: Theranda
Epirus is a remote, mountainous province, whose subordination to Roman rule has always been one of degrees. The oldest non-Italian Roman province, Epirus remains poor and sparsely populated, with endemic violence related to blood feuds plaguing its interior. Yet despite the low-lying restiveness, Epirus is not regarded as a major security threat to the Empire as a whole, as its inhabitants tend to, as they have always done, ignore the outside world entirely provided that the outside world more or less ignores them.

Macedonia
Capital: Thessalonica
Roman politics is a complex knot of personal ambitions, feuding parties, and voting shares. Provinces group together into large 'voting blocs' to exert power within the Empire. The recent history of Macedonia has been in contrast to one of the major voting blocs within the Empire, the so-called "Greek Bloc", in which Macedonia is the only "Greek" province to decline participation. Macedonia, unlike the rest of Greece, tends to vote with Italy, a policy consciously adopted by the Slavic-Greek population's leaders a century and a half ago. Much resentment has followed this decision, though on the whole, Macedonia has profited by it through allocation of public moneys and infrastructural projects.

Thessalia
Capital: Larissa
Mountainous and sparsely populated, Thessaly is nevertheless a rich province, often called the "Larder of Greece", as it is one of the few regions suitable for large-scale agriculture, particularly the raising of cattle, goats, and sheep. Though the tradition in Rome is that Italians join the Army, and Greeks the Navy, many military-minded Thessalians see service in the small cavalry forces of the Roman Army, providing one of the few reliable cavalry forces from the citizen peoples of the Empire.

Insulae Aegeae
Capital: Candia
Comprising Crete, Rhodes, and the innumerable islands of the Aegean Sea, this province was established following Rome's absorption of Venice's interests in the region in the 16th century, a slow and haphazard process that led to the expanding Roman interests in Greece, and eventually in the Eastern Mediterranean in general. Candia today is a major regional hub of trade and seaborne transport, and the headquarters of many Roman shipping firms.

Thrace
Capital: Serdica
Though Thrace and its people retains their ancient names, there is little-to-no trace of the original Thracian populations of the region in Roman Thrace. Instead, 85% of the province is comprised of "Bulgars", a Turco-Slavic people who arrived in Thrace between the 7th and 10th centuries. Nevertheless, modern Thracians have been considered a 'model' people by the Romans, since their absorption into the Empire during the Bosporan War (1503-1508) and their province is both strategically vital (forming a shield for the all-important Dardanelles) and rich in natural resources of various sorts.

Byzantium
Capital: Constantinopolis
Perhaps the most strategic province of the entire Empire, Byzantium commands the Dardanelles and the Bosporus, and is centered on the mighty city of Constantinopolis, for a thousand years, the only link between the present and the ancient Roman Empire. Though the centuries-long fall of the Byzantine Empire reduced the area to ruin, the resurgence of Rome placed the last Byzantine Emperor, Constantine XIII, in the unenviable position of choosing to be subsumed by the Latins of Rome, or by the Turks. His choice of the Devil he did not know over the one he did has shaped the history of the region ever since, culminating finally in the subjugation of not just the Greeks, but also their enemies, the Turks at the end of the Romano-Turkish wars in 1668.

Ionia
Capital: Smyrna
The Ionian coast of Asia Minor has been fought over since the Trojan War, but despite brief interludes of Persian, Saracen, or Turkish conquests, remains to this day a central part of the Greek world. Extending inland from the eastern coast of the Aegean Sea, Ionia is a haven for archaeologists and historians, who flock to the ancient cities of Halicarnassus, Sardis, Smyrna, and of course, the ruins of Illium (Troy) itself, the mythological homeland of the Roman people.

Phrygia
Capital: Dorylaeum
A rich, heavily industrial province, Phrygia's population is comprised of a polyglot mixture of Greeks, Turcians, and more minor Anatolian and transplant groups, and its capital of Dorylaeum is the headquarters of the Sufi sect of Islam, famous for its whirling trance-dancers. Phrygia, along with most of central Anatolia, was utterly devastated during the 2nd Turcian Revolt (1720-1728) and parts of the province have yet to recover from the effects of the war.

Turcia
Capital: Iconium
Turcia is the heartland and core of the Turcian people, so much so that the province's official name, Cappadocia, is all but forgotten even in official Roman documents. A rugged, spectacular land of semi-arid plateaux and stark, snow-capped mountains, Turcia has made great strides since the reforms of Napoleon Buonapartus, and to this day boasts the single highest legionary recruitment rate of all of the provinces of the Empire. The eastern flank of Turcia is criss-crossed by the famous Limes Asiaticus, the fortified barrier that protects Roman Anatolia from the depredations of the Mongols to the east.

Cilicia
Capital: Zephyrium
Rugged and lawless Cilicia took centuries to for the Romans to subdue, but today betrays only hints of its piratical past in the form of the fishing villages and resettled farming communities that dot its southern coast. Heavily Turcian in population, admixed with Greeks, Arabs, and other groups, Cilicia has been heavily militarized since the 17th century, originally so as to keep the province pacified, more recently to provide support to Roman forces occupying Syria, and to protect against Mongol incursions from the East.

Pontus
Capital: Amison
The lush, rainy forests and hills of the Black Sea Coast have received heavy investment from Roman infrastructural grants, which, combined with the relatively light devastation the area received during the Turcian Wars and the Great Revolt, have transformed Pontus from a backwater to an economic and industrial powerhouse within the eastern Roman Empire. Here, Turcian and Greek bloodlines have mixed with Laz and Georgian peoples to produce a so-called "artificial nationality", an admixture of so many disparate elements that Roman ethnographers have officially thrown up their hands and describe the residents as "Pontics". Strategically vital and economically wealthy, Pontus is a core province of the Empire, one of three in Anatolia (with Ionia and Turcia) to have obtained the franchise at the very dawn of the republic.

Cyprus
Capital: Ledra
The largest island in the Eastern Mediterranean, and formerly the lynchpin of the entire Roman position in the East, Cyprus's strategic value has waned in the last century as Roman control over the Eastern Med has solidified, and the need for an "interior" base has diminished. The island's Greek population is relatively poor and its voting status has been diminished ever since the extension of Senatorial Franchise to Cilicia and Phoenicia. Still, the Roman navy maintains reserve positions in Cyprus, and economic revitalization projects are currently ongoing, the fruits of Cyprus' loyal voting record as part of the influential Greek Bloc.

Phoenicia
Capital: Berytus
Phoenicia is often pointed to by Roman hagiographers as an example of the benefits of transnational Romanization and the stability of Empire, and for all the criticisms that Rome is subject to, it is hard to deny the success of Phoenicia as a Roman province. Comprised of a mixed Levantine population, with some tangential ties to the ancient Phonecians and more solid ones to the Syriac and Semetic peoples of the region, Phoenicia's semi-voluntary submission to Roman rule in 1611 was the motive force that catapulted Rome's interests, for better or worse, into the Eastern Med. Protected and stabilized by the Roman legions, and thereby shielded from the worst effects of the "century of troubles" (1720-1804), and the Great Jihad (1870-1876), Phoenicia is today an opulent and sparkling center of Imperial finance and banking, justly proud of its nickname: "The London of the East". Phoenician banking firms have a total capitalization today exceeded only by those of Italia itself, and the investment funds and projects fueled by this Jewel of the Middle East have long-served as the sinews of Rome's continued operations in this perpetually fractious region. Phoenicians are currently preparing to celebrate the 300th anniversary of the establishment of their province in what is rumored to be rare style.

Sicilia
Capital: Syracuse
"Sicily never changes" is a common turn of phrase in this, the largest island of the Mediterranean. Incorporated into the Empire with the subjugation of Naples in the mid-14th century, Sicily today is quiet only because it chooses to be. The battles fought on Sicily are those of law enforcement, not war, though the practical effects are not always easy to distinguish. Sicilian gangs and organized criminals have resisted every Roman effort to extirpate them for six hundred years, and will likely continue to do so for the next six hundred as well. Rome has nevertheless succeeded in suppressing the criminal organizations of Sicily to at least a manageable level, and life on the island continues much as it has since the dawn of time.

Corsica et Sardinia
Capital: Caralis
Sparsely populated and independent of mind, the province of Corsica et Sardinia is a political mess even by Roman standards. The Empire has been required to step in and re-organize the province's internal affairs and organization no fewer than six times in the last century, including twice during the so-called "Farce of '88", when Corsica attempted to declare independence, not from the Empire, but from Sardinia, an act to which the Sardinian Praefectoral Council responded by raising an ad-hoc militia and conducting an invasion of southern Corsica by fishing trawler. The chaotic situation did not end until six cohorts of troops from the Tenth Legion were sent in to stabilize the province and permit the Roman governor and commissioners to re-establish a working authority. Proposals to separate the two islands into different provinces were floated but have languished since the interruption of the Fourth Hispanian War in 1898, and the province today remains in a state of governmental near-anarchy, such that Praetors assigned to govern Corsica et Sardinia are often sent bereavement gifts by their more fortunate colleagues as consolation.

Gallia Transalpina
Capital: Massalia
Rome's resurgence began at the sufferance of the papacy, and her history is lined by seminal events, of which one is the day in 1545 when the gates of Avignon were opened to the victorious legions, and the papacy's abandoned children returned home to roost. Since that day, "The Province" has been both an anchor and a millstone around Rome's neck, a vital bulwark protecting Italy from the depredations of France, and yet also a source of perennial conflict between the French and Roman states. Thanks in part to a four hundred year campaign of Romanization, Provencals today are a sturdy, independent lot with their own language, cultural identity, and even Legion (the Fifth 'Alaudae'), tempered by the knowledge that not one generation since the establishment of the province has gone their entire lives without seeing a French invasion of their homelands.

Aragonia
Capital: Caesaraugusta
The beating heart of Roman Iberia, Aragonia is a land 'watered with blood'. Rich, verdant, and spectacular of terrain, Aragonia exercises a disproportionate influence in the Empire as a whole, thanks to Aragon's voluntary unification with the Empire in the 16th century. The scene of vicious, brutal, unending combat with the rest of Spain since then, Aragonia was described by the Hispanian author Cervantes as "A Djinni's bottle which, when rubbed, causes wars to spring up". Little has changed. The posting site of several legions since its ascension to the Empire, much of Aragonia's industry is dedicated to military endeavors, and its politics tend to be conservative, hard-edged, and some say even reactionary. "In Italy," goes the saying, "the Romans are chipped from flint. In Greece, they are carved from marble. But in Aragon, they cast them out of steel, temper them with gunpowder, and quench them in their own blood."

Catalonia
Capital: Barcino
If Aragonia is the heart of Roman Iberia, Catalonia is its soul. Dynamic, rich, and (thanks in no small part to Aragonia) reasonably well protected against incursion, Catalonia is fast becoming a major challenger to Aragonia's traditional supremacy in Roman Hispania, a fact reflected in voting patterns and economic predominance. There are some in Aragonia who resent Catalonia's economic successes built, as they see it, on the back of Aragonia's protection, while some Catalonians have long-advocated a reduction in Aragonia's senate share, seeing their western neighbors as myopic, military-obsessed rustics who commandeer much of Catalonia's economic output. By and large however, the provinces complement one another well, providing their home defense forces with a desperately-important friendly flank in a land ringed with enemies.

Tarraconensis
Capital: Cartago Nova
Rougher and poorer than its northern counterparts, Tarraconensis is a quiet province, considered a provincial backwater by Aragonese in specific and Romans in general. Nevertheless, the province has seen its share of bloodshed, as endemic skirmishes rage along the border with Andalusia. Mountainous and pastoral, Tarraconensis is often used as a getaway locale for Roman intellectuals seeking artistic inspiration in solitude and quiet.

Insulae Baleares
Capital: Palma
Pleasant in climate and varied in terrain, the Balearic Islands are thriving resorts for wealthy Romans from all across the Mare Nostrum, in addition to serving as a munitions and logistics depot for Roman operations in the Western Med. Balearic senators recently have been attempting (without much success) to organize the establishment of a new senatorial voting alliance with the other island provinces (Cyprus, Sicily, Insulae Aegeae, Corsica et Sardinia) so as to better forward the unique political requirements of these oft-forgotten regions.

Africa
Capital: Carthage
"After a thousand years of penance, we return at last to Africa." Such were the words of Flavius Morosius Africanus when he stepped ashore in Africa during the First Barbary War. Little evidence of his passing remains in Africa province today, for from the ashes of the Moorish citadel of Tunis, rose the modern city of Carthage, once again the undisputed capital of the Southern reaches of the Empire. Quiet and peaceful, Africa has resumed its ancient place as one of the breadbaskets and trading hubs of the Empire, secure for the first time in centuries behind the protection of the Roman shield.

Kabylia
Capital: Icosium
Though named for the Kabylian people of North Africa, whose support during the various North African campaigns of the Roman Empire permitted the destruction of the Barbary States and the incorporation of the region into the Empire, Kabylia is only about half-Kabyle, the rest being comprised of Arabic and other Berber populations, as well as a handful of other ethnic groups. Centered around the twin port-cities of Icosium and Saldae, Kabylia is a rich province, with vast reserves of coal, oil, and large agricultural production of cereals and olive oil. Together with Africa province, Kabylia forms the small but influential "African Bloc" in the Senate.


Imperial Provinces

Syria
Capital: Antioch
Vital yet volatile, Syria province is the bulwark of the entire Roman position in the East, bridging the gap between Anatolia and Phoenecia, and providing Rome with a stable frontier buttressed by her inflexible Legions. Despite repeated investment programs, Syria remains endemically poor, and racked by periodic outbursts of religious and ethnic strife, put down with efficient regularity by the Auxilia and the Legions. Most recently, the province was once again devastated by the so-called "Great Jihad" of 1870-1878 which engulfed much of the Roman East in a firestorm of religious strife, leading most Romans (particularly Turcians, who look down on their Syrian neighbors as impoverished rabble) to conclude that Syria simply needs another couple decades to cool off before any discussion of Romanization can begin.

Palestina
Capital: Jaffa
Once as volatile as Syria, Palestina has calmed in recent decades, paradoxically providing the lion's share of the recruits for the Syrian Legion and successfully defending itself during the worst points of the Syrian Uprising (as the Great Jihad is officially referred to). Of mixed Arab, Levantine, and Jewish population, Palestina has seen, and continues to see, tensions and the occasional riot, but the trend is clearly towards peace, thanks to careful Roman management of this perpetually fractious region. As indication of the care Rome takes to keep Palestina peaceful, the Provincial governor is traditionally an ex-consular appointed directly by the Senate for automatically prorogued terms of multiple years, rather than apportioned by lot to the Praetors, and former governors have included men such as Camillus Cavus Profector and Bettinus Ricasolius Ferratus

[Charon]

The United Iroquois States of the Free East

Population: 3 (50 million people)
Natural Resources: 2 (40% Self-sufficiency)
Colonial Territory: 1 (50 Colony Points, +1 million population, 100/200 Colonial Army Points, 80 cash/quarter (Requires Navy/Army 2) )
Industry: 3 (300 IBPs/quarter)
Economy: 4 (3 years of war mobilization, 750 cash points/quarter.)
Infrastructure: 3 (4 weeks to mobilize Ready Reserve, 4 months to mobilize Second Line)
Navy: 3 (1200 Navy Points, 4 Dreadnoughts/Battlecruisers permitted )
Army: 5 (3500 Army Points)

Common Names: Vinland, Iroquois Nation, The UIS

Government: Constitutional Republic

President: Theodore Roosevelt
Executive Branch: The President is the single most powerful person in the UIS. The President is elected by the people and serves a 5 year term before coming up for election again. There is no limit to how many terms a President can hold, though the precedent was set at two terms.
Legislature: A Bicameral Congress makes up the legislature, with one seated by state population and the other seated with three Congressmen per state.
Judiciary: Perhaps the most powerful of the branches of government. The Judiciary is led by 11 Judges who help form laws and determine the constitutionality of other laws.
Major Political Parties: The Republican Party (Liberal Centrist), The Tribal Party (Conservative Centrist)
Minor Political Parties: The United Lakes Party (Regionalist), The Native Party (Far-Right), The Hope Party (Far-Right), The Socialist Party (Far-Left), The Working Party (Far-Left).

Major Religions: The Great Spirit, Other Native Faiths, Protestant Christian sects, Catholic Christianity, Judaism
Major Languages: Vinnish, Seneca, English, Mohawk, Wyandot, Algonquin

Capital: Toronto

History:
The United Iroquois States of the Free East have grown to prominence over the last few hundred years, defeating some of the great European powers in order to earn their place in the world. Their story starts in an odd place however, Greenland. Leif Ericsson, the son of famous explorer Eric the Red, discovered a land he called Vinland in 1004. By 1006 the first colony created by no more than 40 families was founded and for a year it was uncertain whether the colony would survive. But with some assistance from the native population, called Skræling by the colonists, the colony survived and thrived. After that first year, the population in Vinland began to expand rapidly as more colonists came across the ocean looking for green pastures and freedom from the Danish king. They brought with them many things, steel, domesticated animals.

By 1060 the colonists were beginning to explore further South and encountering more and more native tribes, trading steel weapons and other goods for native goods and raiding small communities. Fifty years later is the first recorded meeting between Vinlanders and the tribes of the Algonquin. The meeting is a little frosty. It is also at this point in time where the colonists start to become more like the natives. Nordic starts to become less common, and cases of intercultural marriage become more frequent. During this time, the native tribes of the Northeast suffer from a horrible affliction of diseases after sustained contact with the Nordic colonies. Estimates say over half of the natives died over a period of 100 years. After centuries of cross-Atlantic travel, a chilling Northern Europe begins to make the journey more hazardous, and Greenland less hospitable to life. Many Greenlanders move away from the increasingly colder winters and come to Vinland to create a new life for themselves. By 1300 the viking colony of Greenland was completely abandoned and all contact between Vinland and Europe was lost.

Without contact from Europe, the steady trend towards becoming more native increased drastically within the Vinland colony as inter-cultural marriages became more and more prevalent and Norse began to be subsumed by the native languages. For the entirety of the colony's existence it had been without a single ruler. In 1386, Einar Egilson began a bloody conquest, both of the other Vinland towns and the local native population. Within 9 years, Einar Frostblood, as he had come to be called in the intervening time, had unified the Vinland colony under one ruler. His rule included most of the coastal lands down into Delaware territory, and scouting parties had ranged even further South. They had achieved sustained contact with a number of the native tribes, who had started their recovery from the plagues that had struck them.

In 1413, fearing the power of the unified Vinland colony a group of five Iroquoian tribes, led by the Great Peacemaker, Deganwidah, and Hiawatha form the Iroquois Confederacy. The Iroquois have learned some of the methods of the Vinlanders, including the use of large domesticated animals and working iron. In 1420, Einar Egilson begins a war against the Algonquin tribes to bring them and their land under his control. It is a war he will not live to see the end of, as he dies in 1424. His son, Snorri Einarson continues his father's war to success. This not only brings the Algonquin tribes under the control of Vinland, it cements the reign of kings that Einar began. Not to be outdone, the Iroquois began their own wars of conquest, crushing the Huron and Susquehanna tribes and adding them to the Confederacy in 1462 and 1510 respectively.

In 1534, the French send explorer Jacques Cartier to map out the new continent in an attempt to find a way to China. During his mission he encounters the Vinlanders. He does not realize the significance of his find however. With nearly six centuries of interbreeding and little to no contact with the European continent, the Vinlanders have for the most part gone native. They bear a closer resemblance to the natives of America and their language bears little resemblance to Old Norse. In fact, they refer to themselves as the Wabanibi tribe. Seventy years later, after several failed attempts, the French finally managed to settle a permanent colony on the continent. The Wabanibi took an insult from this and relations between the two began to sink. Just two years later, in 1607, the colony of Jamestown was founded. Outside of Wabanibi control, they simply see this as a chance to grow in power.

Just a year later, Quebec is founded and the enraged Wabanibi demand compensation. The French government is not impressed and even less swayed by the arguments of the native tribe and refuse. The Wabanibi then declare war upon the French colonies, starting the first French-Indian War. The war goes poorly for the Wabanibi French guns and their alliance with the Iroquois, who are more than eager to beat back the powerful Wabanibi. After two years of fighting, the Wabanibi sue for peace and France accepts, heaping conditions upon the beaten Wabanibi. The tribe loses the claims to large chunks of land and suffers under abysmal trade rulings. The victorious Iroquois gain the Mohican tribe to their Confederacy.

When Plymouth colony was founded in 1620, the Wabanibi, still licking their wounds from the beating the French gave to them, sold the rights to the land for what they could. Using the money from the deal to further advance themselves technologically. They would not be unprepared the next time. They swore it. Just six years later, the Dutch founded New Amsterdam and once again the Wabanibi sold off the land for money to fill their coffers. The money put to good use, the Wabanibi went to war with their long-time rivals, the Iroquois. Valiant warriors on both sides fell and the Great Native War raged from 1630 to 1638. The various European powers fueled both sides of this war, more than eager to see the two great Native tribes fall so they could more easily take the land that the two claimed. Canassatego, an Onondoga Chieftain, and Askuwheteau Sunkitchi, the Chief of the Wabanibi, begin peace talks in 1638. Both men understand that they are being used by the Europeans and work tirelessly to unite the Iroquois and the Wabanibi. Despite losses, many Wabanibi are against the plan.

In 1638, the Swedes come to a realization after learning Wabanibi mythology and seeing their ancient sites and treasures. They realize that the Wabanibi tribe are the Vinland colony, placed there by Icelandic settlers so long ago. The Swedes immediately lay claim to the Wabanibi tribe as a colony. Askuwheteau Sunkitchi is wary about the move, but having just finished his war against the Iroquois, and having some interest in seeing what all this talk of them being a colony is, does not speak against the idea. A wave of Nordic culture and Swedish colonists then begin to flood into Wabanibi territory. The Wabanibi are cautious at first, but then quickly begin to devour the information, causing great shifts in their society. Talk of alliance with the Iroquois comes to a screeching halt for fifteen years Askuwheteau is patient however. This patience pays off when, in 1652 the Swedes begin demanding taxes from their colony on the New World. This was the moment the leader of the Wabanibi had been waiting for. Moving quickly, Askuwheteau used the sudden public outcry to join the Iroquois Confederacy to assure security against the growing European threat.

The Wabanibi declare war against the Swedes, declaring their independence from them and for three years the Weregild War rages in the Americas. During this time, enterprising natives who had taken to calling themselves Vinlanders once again would constantly harass the Swedish crown with letters that demanded payment for the loss of a loved one. An ancient Viking tradition called Weregild. Eventually the war grew too costly for the Swedish crown and the Treaty of Trenton was signed, guaranteeing the independence of the Wabanibi, or Vinland, from Sweden. The Delaware tribe was also indoctrinated into the Iroquois Confederacy.

With that out of the way, both the Iroquois and the Wabanibi went about testing one another and their new alliance, uncertain exactly how to take the matter. Askuwheteau Sunkitchi, always an ardent Nativist, died in 1659. Just ten years later, the Wabanibi Tribe would rename itself as Vinland. The alliance between Vinland and the Iroquois endured against all odds however, and the strength of the Vinlanders and the Iroquois suddenly became a credible threat to any European interference. The colony of New Amsterdam, fearing the constantly encroaching Iroquois threat, was surrendered to the Iroquois shortly after. Several colonists decide to stay with their home and be inducted into Vinland, causing a great influx of colonists, just as some Swedes had decided to stay as well.

In 1678, the French pushed further West with the foundation of Fort Niagara. The Iroquois, their one time allies, were driven to a rage by this action, stirred no doubt by the grudge of Vinland. That same year the Second French-Indian War begins. During the first few years, it looks as though this war will go much the same way as the First French-Indian War. But during this time the Iroquois begin to manufacture their own guns. Though the various tribes cannot match the output of France, they do not need to ship their weapons and men thousands of miles across treacherous seas. Eventually the tide of the battle begins to turn and the French sue for peace. At the Treaty of Montreal in 1683 the French agreed to acknowledge the current boundaries of the Iroquois Confederation and not expand their territory any further into Iroquois lands.

Five years later, still running on the adrenaline of their defeat of the French and facing worsening relations with the English as they continue to push into Iroquois held lands, the Iroquois declare war against England in 1688. For several years it looks like the greater population density of the Virginias and New England will force the less unified Iroquois back. When the War of English Succession ignites in Europe in 1692, England quickly finds it no longer has the resources to fight the Iroquois in the Americas. The bloody fighting continues for four more years before it finally begins to taper off. Two years of skirmishing continues before England finally relents and in the Treaty of Boston in 1698 grants their New England colonies to Vinland. Though relations between the English colonists and the Iroquois are strained and at times violent, few colonists return to England for fear of the war that continues to rage there. Two years later, when the War of English Succession comes to an end, the Iroquois lay claim to Northeast America in a bold move. The exhausted Europeans are in little condition to contest the claims of the Iroquois. Rather than submit to Iroquois rule, many of the French settlers set sail for new land and many still free tribes find themselves under the de facto rule of the Iroquois.

The rule of the Iroquois over the Northeast comes to blows in 1710 as the remaining free tribes band together against what they see as the Iroquois threat, and without any nearby powerful enemies the Iroquois Confederations begins to attack itself. The next 16 years are a bloody series of civil wars and wars of conquest that are afterwords referred to as the Unification Wars. By the end of the long series of conquests and civil wars, the Iroquois were left exhausted and bloody. But they had conquered the Northeast and had even begun a push into the Mideast. In addition, the new Iroquois Confederacy that emerged from the chaos was considerably more organized than before. No more could a single tribal leader act on his own without informing or consulting with the other leaders. The now unified Iroquois were far more capable of protecting their land, and as Europe devolved into chaos and anarchy, it became the nation to emigrate to.

Only a few years after the Unification Wars ended, the European emigrants began to come into the country, fleeing the troubles of their own countries. In the Iroquois Confederacy they found a home of sorts. Many were absorbed by the Vinland tribe, though a few married into some of the other tribes that made up the now vast Confederacy that reached from the Atlantic to surround the Great Lakes Many however refused to give up their own culture in any way and found themselves on the outskirts of native society. As time passed this population began to grow more and more. Many great minds also arrived from Europe, increasing the pace at which the Confederacy turned into a power in it's own right. Universities and Academies began to spring up, bringing in more and more great minds from Europe.

After over fifty years of immigration, the leaders of many of the tribes began to grow more and more fearful and paranoid, leading to greater and greater draconian measures to subdue immigration and properly bring Immigrants into society as members of a tribe. Things began to grow worse as more immigrants arrived and the laws became more harsh in what seemed like a never ending cycle. Eventually, a breaking point was reached. Immigrants, tired of being shunted off as second class citizens, rose up against their oppressors. The Tribes, terrified of what the immigrants meant to do to their way of life, fought against them. In 1810 hell broke loose as the Tribal War began.

For two bloody years the conflict spread and grew in power and violence. Years of resentment turned into a flash fire that threatened to consume everything. Then, in 1812, two figures came to the forefront of the war as great leaders. The first was a man named Tecumseh, who would eventually lead the Western Tribes to break away from the Iroquois Confederacy to form their own nation. The second was a woman of Seneca and immigrant heritage. The mixed-blood daughter of a man known to the Europeans and Immigrants as “Red Jacketâ€

[frigidmagi]

The United Republics of North America:

Population: 3 (50 million)
Natural Resources: 3 (60% Self Sufficiency)
Colonial Territory: 0
Industry: 4 (400 IBPs/quarter)
Economy: 4 (3 years of war mobilization, 750 cash points/quarter.)
Infrastructure: 4 (3 weeks to mobilize Ready Reserve, 3 months to mobilize Second Line)
Navy: 1 (400pts)
Army: 5 (3500pts)

Government: Presidential Republic
Religions: Protestant Christianity, Catholicism, Native Religions
Political Parties: Nationalist Party, Christian Democrats, Socialist Party of North America, Grand Republic Party
Languages: English, Lakota, Cherokee, etc
Currency: URNA Hours (aka bluebacks) paper money using blue dye.

Active Army

20 Guard Infantry (20 x 25 = 500)
10 Artillery regiments (10 x 15 = 150)
10 Engineer Regiments (10 x 6 = 60)
Total = 710pts

10 Guard Cavalry (10 x 25 = 250)
10 Engineer regiments (10 x 6 = 60)
10 Aeroplane regiments (10 x 10 = 100)
Total = 410

8 Infantry Divisions (15 x 8 = 120)
8 Artillery regiments (15 x 8 = 120)
6 engineer regiments (6 x 6 = 36)
Total = 276

Ready Reserve:

25 Infantry Divisions (10 x 25 = 250)
25 Artillery regiments (10 x 25 = 250)
25 Artillery regiments (10 x 25 = 250)
Total = 750

25 Calvary Divisions (25 x 10 = 250)
25 Engineers regiments (25 x 4 = 100)
25 Artillery regimetns (25 x 10 = 250)
Total = 600

2nd Line:

65 Infantry Divisions (65 x 5 = 325)
Total = 325

55 Cavalry Divisions (55 x 5 = 275)
Total = 275

Navy:

2 Light Cruisers (10 x 2 = 20)
12 Destroyers (12 x 6 = 72)
79 Torpedo boats (79 x 2 = 158)

Forts:

Army Forts;

Tecumseh City 2 underground fortresses (30pts)
Upper Michigan/Canadian border 2 reinforced underground fortresses (36pts)
Central Illinois/Indiana border 3 reinforced underground fortressess (54pts)
Total = 120 pts

Navy Forts;

Upper Michigan 2 1st rate coastal forts facing Lake Superior
2 1st rate coastal forts facing Lake Michigan

Wisconsin 1 1st rate coastal fort facing Lake Michigan

Deployments of Active Duty Troops:

Guard units are stationed as Corps, made up of 2 infantry divisions and 1 cavalry division.

Michigan: 1 Guard Corps, 2 infantry divisions
Illinois: 2 Guard Corps
Wisconsin: 3 infantry divisions
Minnesota: 2 Guard Corps
Lakota (Dakotas): 2 Guard Corps
Westland (Wyoming & Montana): 2 divisions
Colorado: 1 infantry division
Oklahoma: 2 Guard Corp
Kansas: 2 infantry divisions
Missouri: 1 Guard Corps

[Simon_Jester]

[delete this double post please]

[General Havoc]

Military Forces of the Roman Empire

Army Forces

The primary strategic unit of the Roman Army is the Legion, a formation which (like many Roman military formations) has no exact cognate in any other military. Variously described as Corps or Field Armies, Legions are massive, combined-arms units capable of independantly taking the field in major actions as self-contained armies, or of combining with other Legions for theatre-level maneuvers. Most Legions comprise between 65,000 and 70,000 men, of which slightly more than half will be Pedarii, the heavy infantry that has formed the backbone of the Roman army since the re-establishment of the Roman state. Though Legions come in different flavors, all of them are heavy infantry formations capable of breaking down into a dozen or more "Cohorts" of roughly brigade size at will, which are further subdivided into Maniples (Battalions), Centuries (Companies), and Decades (Squads). Unlike the Corps of other armies, Legions are (mostly) permanent formations of antiquity and fame, each with its own customs, titles, honors, traditions, and lengthy continuity of service. Legions are storied formations, powerful and resolute, and their rosters the living history of the Roman Empire. In any town within the Empire, it is sufficient for a man to speak the number or title of his Legion for those listening to know where he served, and with whom, and what traditions he was inducted into while serving there.


Principe Legions:

1x Guards Infantry Division (Active): 25 points
1x Airplane Regiment (Active): 10 points
2x Infantry Division (Ready Reserve): 20 Points
2x Field Artillery Regiment (Ready Reserve): 20 points
1x Heavy Artillery Regiment (Ready Reserve): 10 points
3x Engineer Regiment (Ready Reserve): 12 points
Total: 97 points (35 active, 62 ready reserve)

As befits their name, Principe Legions are the backbone of the Roman army. They are the closest thing Rome has to "Regular" Legions, standardized formations built around the incomparable heavy infantry drawn from the disparate enfranchized peoples of the Empire. In a strange throwback to the original notion of the Legion as a temporary formation assembled when necessary, Principe Legions normally have only about 25% of their wartime compliment on duty. The Laminata, consisting generally three of the most elite infantry cohorts (through which personel are rotated), a skeleton administrative staff, and the attached Cohortes Aeronauticus will be on continual active service, with the remaining troops (called the Complea) dispersed on "semi-active" leave. Should mobilization occur, the semi-active troops can rapidly concentrate and "fill up" the shell of the legion, attaining 100% combat readiness in as little as two weeks.


A listing of standing Roman Principe Legions are as follows:

II Legion "Triumphalis"
The Roman Second Legion was the first ever to celebrate a "Triumph" since the restitution of the Roman State, after winning the battle of Samnium in 1318. Since then, the legion has celebrated more Triumphs than any other, though this is partly a self-fulfilling prophecy, as many tradition-minded Romans consider that a Triumph without the Second is not a Triumph at all. Their symbol is the Bull.

III Legion "Fidelis"
The "Faithful Third" was recruited originally from non-Roman communities around Latium, who pledged themselves early-on to service with the newly-founded Roman state. Though the geographical composition of the legion has long-since mutated, the Third still has a reputation as the "small man's legion". Much of its strength is drawn from tiny enclaves scattered about Italy, and the legion's pension and invalid benefits programs are considerably more generous than those of other legions, subsidized in part by the active legionaries themselves themselves. Their symbol is the Lion.

IV Legion "Equestrus"
Stories of where the Fourth Legion got their name are varied. The Legion's historians claim that the title was due to the Fourth's efforts at the Battle of Lake Benicus in 1390 where the Legion stood the main charge of the Austrian Mounted Knights and repelled them, cementing the Roman reputation as the premier infantry force of Europe. Other, more dispassionate accounts claim that the Fourth Legion was originally mounted, despite the Roman dislike for Cavalry, and re-established as a standard infantry legion after the disastrous Roman debacle at Turicum. Their symbol is the Centaur.

V Legion "Alaudae"
The "Skylarks" were so-named from the distinctive crests on the helmets that the soldiers of this legion originally wore, being drawn predominantly from Occitan and Provencal peoples in northern Italy and Provence. To this day, legionnaires of the Fifth wear small crests on their helmets to distinguish themselves from all others in the Roman Army. Alaudae are reputed to be the best mountain soldiers in the Roman Empire, and the legion boasts a number of famous mountain climbers and explorers amongst their alumni. Their symbol is the Lark.

VII Legion "Felix"
The "Lucky Seventh" was first established as an emergency reserve force during the grueling battles with the Mediolanum-led alliance of northern Italian cities during the unification of Italy. Befitting the urgency of the situation, the Seventh was constituted from any source of manpower that could be found, from criminals to deserters to Rome's own urban destitute. To the astonishment of all, the Seventh proved a charmed unit, providing the final push needed for victory at Lake Trasemene, and in many wars thereafter, though they have never lost their reputation for both debauchery and luck. Garrison towns established by the Seventh Legion tend to be avoided by persons of quality wherever they may be. Their symbol (and the subject of much stale humor since the legion's foundation) is the Ram.

VIII Legion "Mortis"
It is not known what the designation of the Eighth Legion once was, for Legion titles were unofficial back in the days of the Unification. What is known is that the Eighth was one of four Roman Legions led to their doom at the Battle of Turicum, slaughtered by the Franco-German host in a repetition of Teutoburg. Of those four legions, however, the Eighth alone was wiped out to a man, becoming the symbol of the catastrophe. Reconstituted ten years later for the Peloponnesian campaign, the Eighth was crushed at Megalopolis by a Turcian army that encircled it atop a nearby hill, and once more obliterated. Since that debacle, the Eighth has been rebuilt three more times, and has, by far, the highest overall casualty rate of any unit in the Roman Army. Some say that the Eighth is cursed, and should be retired permanently, but the Legionnaires of the modern Eighth embrace the grisly reputation their unit embodies. They call themselves "Dead men", march behind standards of pitch black, and seemingly embrace their fate as the tools of fate, to die at the whim of capricious fortune and the winds of war. This may be more folklore than fact, but as the men of the Eighth are fond of pointing out, those who would destroy the Eighth tend to meet the same fate shortly thereafter. Their symbol is the Death and Hourglass.

XI Legion "Gemina"
The Gemini are from everywhere, almost literally. Many legions have regional colorings, but the Eleventh Legion has long been regarded as the traditional vessel for younger sons and volunteers from non-enfranchised peoples to gain Roman Citizenship through service in her Legions. As a result, Gemina is a polyglot legion, wherein every Decade contains soldiers from all across the Empire, and even beyond it. This has not compromised Gemina's effectiveness on the battlefield, as the bitter Hispanian Wars proved, for the motivation of the rewards of citizenship, as well as the comradery of the Legion, transcends all national borders. Their symbol is the Laurel Wreath.

XIV Legion "Rapax"
The "Predator" is an African Legion, drawn primarily from the Berber peoples of Numidia and and the Carthaginian Africans, along with Maltese and Balearic islanders. Due to the nature of the wars in Africa, the Fourteenth fights alone more often than other legions do, and the terrain and traditions of its home territory dictate a more free-wheeling, independent style of warfare than other Roman legions practice. Even after two thousand years, the label of "Punic" is still applied to the soldiers of Carthage, meaning "crafty", "tricky", or "underhanded". The Legionnaires of the Fourteenth take these as compliments. Their symbol is the Elephant.

XV Legion "Fulminata"
While the Eighth Legion has a curse, the Fifteenth is simply unlucky. Though no abject catastrophes have marred the standards of the Fifteenth Legion, the history of the Legion is surprisingly undistinguished, given the multi-century span of standing Roman Legions. Though it has fought and even won its share of battles, glory has always managed to elude the Fifteenth, whose achievements have been overshadowed by those of its fellow legions. Steadfastly, the Fifteenth Legion has done its duty, decade in and decade out, as generation after generation of legionnaires, centurions, and officers, have sought to be the ones to finally add the long-awaited luster to the banners of the Fifteenth. To date, glory has always managed to slip through their fingers, and many Romans believe that one day, some desperate Legatus will finally risk too much for the glory of his legion, and get the entire unit destroyed. Their symbol is the Lightning Bolt.

XVI Legion "Juvenis"
The Sixteenth is literally and figuratively the youngest Legion in the Roman Army, though this, as always, is a relative term. Founded by Napoleon Buonapartus Magnus Restutitor in 1802, it was originally a Roman Corps of Cadets of sorts, a training unit used to feed recruits into more established legions. In the general chaos of the Napoleonic wars however, the Sixteenth was catapulted directly into combat more than once, where despite their youth, they acquitted themselves manfully, winning seven Gold and two Grass Crowns, the highest distinctions in the Roman Army, all but one posthumously. These heroics earned the Sixteenth a permanent place in the Roman Order of Battle, one that persists to this day. The "Juvenile" Legion's Cognomen is well-earned, for the legion has a lower age restriction than the rest of the Roman Army, making it a magnet for disaffected youth who would otherwise lie about their age to join some other legion. Thus, despite the shorter history of the Sixteenth, they are the subject of many books and serial radio programs concerning the adventures of the juvenile legionaries of the Sixteenth Legion, though in reality, like all Legions, the Sixteenth has soldiers of all ages. Nevertheless, the average age of "Juvenii" is several years younger than that of the rest of the Army, and the Legion itself has been described as having an impetuous, youthful character to it, making it a favorite for Roman Hagiographers. Though unofficial Roman policy is to use the Sixteenth only in a supporting role, many a Roman dreads the day when the Sixteenth will be truly tested, lest the young soldiers be lost on some distant battlefield in a modern-day slaughter of the innocents. Their symbol is the Constellation.



Hastati Legions:

1x Guards Infantry Division (Active): 25 points
1x Airplane Regiment (Active): 10 points
2x Infantry Division (Active): 30 points
1x Cavalry Division (Active): 15 points
2x Field Artillery Regiment (Active): 30 points
1x Heavy Artillery Regiment (Active): 15 points
3x Engineer Regiment (Active): 18 points
Total: 143 points (143 Active)

While the Principe Legion's system of Laminata and Complea units suffices for ordinary defense and times of war, certain theatres of the Empire are more dangerous than others, and while the Empire's infrastructure and timetables are sufficiently advanced to guarantee a full compliment of forces within two weeks of the order given, there are occasions when that is not sufficient speed, either due to endemic border fighting, or simply a looming threat on the border. For those occasion, Rome employs the Hastati Legions, the standing, rapid reaction forces of the Empire. Hastati Legions are functionally identical to fully-formed Principe Legions save that they are always maintained at 100% active duty, to ward off any chronic threats that may be directed their way. Unlike other Legions, which are shifted around the Empire as necessary, Hastati legions tend to remain within a single province or group of provinces so as to provide long-term security on a threatened flank. Though Legions are not generally designed to be highly mobile, Hastati Legions are often called upon to react at lightning speed to faraway areas of a province, and so are allocated extra units of horse cavalry, to better react organically. Should a situation develop that is beyond the capacities of a Hastati legion to handle, they are employed as holding forces, delaying the enemy until Principe, Eligere, or other, heavier units can be deployed to deal with the problem.


A listing of standing Roman Hastati Legions are as follows:

VI Legion "Asiaticus"
Once called the "Hammer of the Turcians", the Sixth was the first legion ashore at the battle of Constantinopolis, as well as the ones who stormed the breaches at Ancyra at the end of the Third Turcian War. It was the Sixth that weathered most directly the storm of the Janissarii Revolt, and more recently, the Syrian Uprising. The Sixth is one of the more conservative bodies in the Roman state, the original home of much of the right-wing element in the Senate, even to this day. For fairly obvious reasons, relations between the Roman Sixth and Tenth Legions tend to be bitter. The Sixth Legion is permanently asigned to the Anatolian Highlands of Turcia, Pontus, and Cilicia Provinces. Their symbol is the Pegasus.

XII Legion "Furia Aragonae"
Drawn from the Hispanian Provinces of the Empire, particularly Aragon, the "Fury" Legion is well-named, for the various wars that have raged across Roman and non-Roman Spain have very much the character, to the Aragonese, of a bitter civil war. Known colloquially as the "Red Spaniards" (both from the color of their standards and the violence of their battles) the Twelfth legion, fighting on their home ground, is a justly-feared force, and the bloody brutality that has characterized the wars there has given them a fearsome reputation even among other Roman troops. Their symbol is the Rods and Axe.



Eligere Legions:

3x Guards Infantry Division (Active): 75 points
1x Guards Cavalry Division (Active): 25 points
2x Field Artillery Regiment (Active): 30 points
2x Heavy Artillery Regiment (Active): 30 points
1x Airplane Regiment (Active): 10 points
4x Engineer Regiment (Active): 24 points
Total: 194 points (194 Active)

While each of Rome's various Legions are formidable forces by themselves, Eligere (Elite) Legions are a cut above. The most powerful land forces available to Rome, these units are designed from the ground up to be the most devastating instruments of warfare on Earth. Merely to claim membership in one is an honor by itself, one which every legionnaire in the Roman army aspires to. Though numbered as a normal legion, none would ever mistake these formations as "normal", for they always get absolute priority in support of all kinds and in new or effective equipment, and are the recipients of the finest and most rigorous training that the Empire can provide. Eligere Legionaires are commonly reckoned to be individually worth several of their counterparts in other armies, and go into battle supported by every weapon the Roman Empire can bring to bear. To fight against an Eligere Legion, it is said, is to know the wrath of God.


A listing of standing Roman Eligere Legions are as follows:

I Legion "Primagenia" (Firstborn)
The First legion in name, number, history, and (according to them) skill, Primagenia is the oldest Legion in the Roman Army, and unquestionably one of the toughest. The oldest and noblest families in Rome have ties to the First Legion, to the point where Primagenii are said to bleed blue, rather than red. Founded in 1347 at the dawn of the New Roman Empire, the Roman First Legion has seen combat in every single war fought by Rome since then, and is one of, if not the oldest chartered military organizations in the world. Command of the First Legion has historically been an avenue to the Consulship, as it is considered the most prestigious field post in all of the Empire. Their symbol is the She-Wolf.

IX Legion "Adiutrix" (Rescuers)
The Ninth Legion gained fame during the unification of Italy as the personal guard and shock reserve of Tribunus Maximus Cola di Rienzus, the first (new) King of Rome. Responsible for turning the tide of a dozen different battles, the Ninth has saved the day a hundred times and more for Roman arms. The lightning speed and stunning surprise with which legionaires of the Ninth sprang upon their enemies earned them the nickname of the "Foot Cavalry", and has mystified opponents on battlefields from Palestine to Paphlagonia. Even to this day, "Saved by the Ninth" is a Roman axiom meaning to be rescued from disaster by an unexpected source. Their symbol is the Capricorn.

X Legion "Turcii" (Turcian)
All legions claim to be the best in the Empire, but the famous "Turcian Tenth" hold perhaps the most solid claim to the position. Originally an Auxilia formation drawn from non-franchised Turcians, Napoleon Buonapartus relied so heavily on this legion that he called the Tenth "The Right Arm of Rome", employing them to devastating effect at the climactic battle of Aix Capellus. Following the establishment of the Republic and the institution of provincial franchise, the Tenth was converted to a regular force of enfranchized citizens. Though open to anyone within the Empire, the Tenth is still primarily drawn from the Turcian heartlands of Anatolia, and the connections between the Tenth Legion and the Turcian people run deep through Anatolian society. Although the Tenth is the youngest of the Eligere Legions, it has an unbroken battle record dating back two hundred years, through nine different wars and countless battles and engagements, and the skill and ferocity with which the Tenth has waged war on behalf of the Empire has made them the unofficial "face" of the Roman army in many ways. Their reputation is such that entire enemy divisions have been known to surrender or flee in panic rather than face down the stoic and unyielding Turcian Pedarii of the Tenth Legion. Their symbol is the Crescent and Star.

XIII Legion "Valeria Victrix" (Victorious)
"The Unbreakable Thirteenth" has the distinction of having participated in more victorious battles than any other in the entire Roman Army, dating back to the Second Italian War and the battle of Cumae. Its name is that of the ancient Roman Twentieth Legion, the so-called "Last Legion" of Britain, at the twilight of the first Roman Empire, and the notion of being the last, final line in the sand against the enemies of Rome is one that the soldiers of the Thirteenth take to heart. Known for several different "Last Stands" such as that of the 8th Cohort at the Pass of St. Genevius during the War of the Second Coalition, the Thirteenth's reputation for immovability has resulted in a friendly (by Roman standards) rivalry of sorts with the unstoppable force of the Ninth Legion Adiutrix. Many battles have been decided when the irresistable foot cavalry of the Ninth counterattacked an enemy that had beaten themselves bloody on the unbreakable wall of the Thirteenth, though to whom the victory should be creditted is always something of a delicate question. Nevertheless, the reputation of the Thirteenth is unimpeachable, for as the Romans say, Victrii cadere, cedere non potest. "A Victrian may fall, but he cannot yield." Their symbol is the Boar.



Auxilia Legions:

2x Colonial Infantry Division (Active): 30 points
2x Colonial Cavalry Division (Active): 30 points
3x Engineer Regiment (Active): 18 points
2x Colonial Field Artillery Regiment (Ready Reserve): 20 points
Total: 98 points (66 active, 32 ready reserve)

Following the Lex Buonapartae and the establishment of the Republic, the Roman Empire was divided into Senatorial and Imperial provinces, with the former consisting of mostly franchised citizens, allocated seats within the Roman Senate, and the latter consisting of non-citizen peoples who had no representation in the Senate. Though the policy of "Romanization" allows for the gradual conversion of Imperial Provinces to Senatorial ones, the process is slow and political, and relies upon vague metrics that can take years to establish. Individual non-citizens thus often seek to achieve their own citizenship through a variety of methods, the primary one being service in the Auxilia.

The Auxilia are the closest thing the Romans have to colonial troops, legions raised within Imperial provinces from peoples who seek to gain the benefits of the franchise for themselves, families, and peoples. Though stiffened by the addition of a small cadre of volunteer officers and centurions from the regular Legions, Auxilia are nonetheless almost entirely non-citizen in composition, even among the officer ranks. Yet despite this, the Auxilia's history has been one of not only staunch loyalty but valorous and exceptional service to the Empire as a whole, a fact more understandable when one realizes that the Auxilia typically draw heavily from minority peoples and groups within their home provinces, thus usually placing the Legions on the side of the Empire in the case of a popular revolt, while still grounding the legion in desperate and vital defense of their own homes in case of foreign invasion. Drawn from peoples with a very different military history than that of Rome, the Auxilia tend to focus less on firepower and artillery (relatively speaking, of course), and more on speed and mobility than their regular counterparts. To that end, they are the only formations in the Empire to regularly dispose of large cavalry formations. Having seen service for as long as Rome has had an Empire, the Auxilia are a matchless force, whose bravery and skill have earned them a place amongst the most elite units in the entire Empire.


A listing of standing Roman Auxilia Legions are as follows:

Auxilia Syrius:
The Syrian Auxilia is one of the few stable elements in the political chaos of Roman Syria. Drawn from dozens of disparate subnational and religious minorities from the provinces of Syria, Transjordania, and Palestine, the Syrian Auxilia have performed invaluable service to Rome in the supression of revolt, the prevention of inter-ethnic warfare, and of course, the defense of this strategically vital region on the borders of the Empire. In keeping with traditional Roman policy, the Syrian Auxilia's infantry is drawn heavily from Druze, Assyrian, Armenian, and Turkmen populations, along with scatterings of other Levantine peoples, and hosts a larger than average population of religious minorities as well, including Antiochan Orthodox Christians, Alawite Moslems, Nestorian-Assyrians Christians, and groups of Palestinian and Syrian Jews. Cavalry forces are more Arabic in composition, and include heavy recruitment both from Circassian diaspora peoples and contingents from the Bedouin tribes of Arabia, some of whom form the famous Subsidium Dromedarii, the only camel-based unit in the Empire. This complex and oft-times confusing admixture has led the Auxilia Syrius to be called the "Melting Pot of the East". Nevertheless, the Legion has served Rome with distinction for nearly three centuries, and most official historians agree that without the loyal service of the Auxilia Syrius, Rome could never hope to have achieved control over the Levant. Their symbol (a typically-Roman pun) is the Dog Star

Auxilia Aegyptus:
Egypt is something of a disappointment for Rome. The largest and richest region of the Arab world, to say nothing of its strategic value, Egypt is nowadays considered to be a millstone around the neck of the Empire, vital to its interests, yet mired in problems of revolt, local corruption, and endemic inter-faction violence that occasionally spills out into mass riots whipped up by anyone convenient. In consequence, following the events of the Mahdist Revolt in the 1880s, the Empire began a policy of heavy "De-nationalization" within Egypt, the results of which are still being collated. One consequence of the campaign was the formation of the Auxilia Aegyptus, heavily comprised since its inception of Coptic Christians, who are now represented as Roman citizens with more than six times the frequency of their moslem counterparts. Though the Copts of Egypt have proven themselves loyal to the Empire on countless occasions, the dominance of the Copts within the Auxilia Aegyptus worries some within Rome, as long experience has shown what can result when a single minority group are permitted to monopolize military power within a province. Fortunately, aggressive recruitment policies and the ongoing de-nationalization campaign, while it has produced unrest, has also resulted in a small but increasing number of moslem and nominally-moslem recruits within the Auxilia, primarily drawn from the educated and intellectual classes of Egypt, for whom the financial and fiduciary benefits of citizenship are more pronounced. As all of these groups stand to lose not merely priviledge but their very lives should Roman control of Egypt suddenly collapse, the Auxilia Aegyptus is considered an ironclad source of Roman control, and has been at the forefront of Roman efforts to tame Egypt and bring its fractious population under control and into closer ties with the Empire. Their symbol is the Pillar and Ankh

Auxilia Africanus:
Romanization means different things to different people, but as a whole, the process varies from the slow to the maddeningly slow, often with decade-long periods of retreat and setback. Yet despite this, Romanization has seen some stunning successes over the past three centuries, with Turcia as the prime example, but also in smaller provinces such as Phoenecia, Illyria, and Thrace. In more recent times, the Imperial provinces of North Africa, particularly Mauretania and Cyrenaica, have been steadily building their claims to franchise within the Senate, partly due to the whole-hearted efforts of the local elite and political classes of the provinces of Mauretania and Numidia Occidentalis. Small in population, far from the more heavily threatened Eastern Border, and subject to Roman rule for the better part of three centuries, these provinces have been making a direct play for the citizenship for several decades, encouraging investment from European firms, lobbying members of the Senate to back projects that enhance the provinces' importance, and most importantly, directly subsidizing and supplementing financial and benefit packages for young men who wish to enlist in the Auxilia in an effort to drive upwards the numbers of individual citizens within the provinces. Accordingly, the Auxilia Africanus is near to bursting at the seams, with men turned away during every recruitment cycle. Comprised heavily of native Berber and Moorish populations, along with Arabs (particularly among the cavalry), the Auxilia Africanus has never yet been tested in combat. And given the accelerating pace of Romanization in the provinces from which it is drawn, there are those who believe it may never be so tested before provincial franchise necessitates its conversion into a standing Roman legion. Their symbol is the Golden Eagle

Auxilia Antillius:
Aquired in the course of negotiations at the end of the Fourth Hispanian War in 1899, the Roman provinces of Antillia Major (Cuba) and Antillia Minor (Jamaica) have been a part of the Empire for barely a decade. Located as they are in the Mare Caribicum, three thousand miles away from the rest of the Empire, the Antilles are the subject of argument and conflict within the Senate as to just what policy to take concerning them. Opinions range from those of the Conservatives, who see the islands as a drain on Roman resources away from from domestic affairs, and wish to see them sold to the highest bidder, to those of the Jingos, who see the islands as forming the basis for an entirely new Empire to be carved from the Caribbean Sea as the current one was carved from the Mediterranean. For the moment, the moderate consulships of the early XXth century have been following a policy of salutary neglect, consisting more or less of collecting taxes, constructing roads, providing for basic defense, and otherwise pretending that the islands do not exist, as every attempt to debate "The Antillian Question" in the Senate has thus-far led to political gridlock, rancorous name-calling, and (twice) outright riot. Almost the sole political decision that the Senate has come to regarding the newest outpost of the Empire has been the extension of the Auxilia program to the Antilles. The result, after nearly a decade of organizational preparation, training, and recruitment campaigns, is the Auxilia Antillius, the newest (for the moment) Legion of the Roman Military, and the first one to be recruited from a New World population. Though the morale and readiness reports of the Auxilia Antillius are encouraging, the unit has never yet faced battle, nor even the quasi-civic police duties that are occasionally demanded of the Auxilia in times of riot or small-scale uprising. What service it will offer should the need arise to either defend its own homeland, or to serve the needs of an Empire many thousands of miles away, is yet unknown. Their symbol is the Clarion.



Triarius Legions:

3x Infantry Division (2nd Line): 15 points
3x Engineer Regiment (Ready Reserve): 12 points
2x Field Artillery Regiment (Ready Reserve): 20 points
1x Heavy Artillery Regiment (Ready Reserve): 10 points
Total: 67 points (15 second line, 42 ready reserve)

"When the day is darkest, we turn again to the Triarii," said Napoleon Buonapartus Magnus Restutitor during the battle of Aix Capellus at the climax of the War of the Third Coalition. Rome's active legions, Hastati, Auxilia, Principe, and Eligere, have long served as the professional sword and shield of the Roman Empire, but in times of great need, when the sword is dulled and the shield is sundered, Rome turns in her hour of peril to her citizen body, to take up the banner of the Republic and wield arms in defense of their homes alongside the mainstay Legions. In this way, the Triarii are literally Rome's last line of defense.

Though comprised of citizen-reservists, older than the average legionnaire and will less exhaustive training, it would be a foolish mistake to assume the Triarii a force of nothing but feeble old men and underaged boys, for, despite the ferocity and justly fearsome reputation of Rome's regular forces, it is the Triarii that gives the Empire its true strength. Organized like any other legion, complete with combat engineers, artillerymen, and masses of incomparable Roman heavy infantry, mobilization of the Triarii essentially doubles the Empire's pool of available military force, and thanks to long-standing policies of mobilization drill and logistical planning, the Empire is capable of mobilizing its entire Triarius force in less than two months to any particular theater of operations necessary. More than once, enemy forces invading the Empire and believing themselves to be facing only three Roman Legions, have been stunned to find eight fully armed legions blocking their path bare weeks after the commencement of hostilities, and while the Triarii may not be as elite as their counterparts in the Eligere or Principe Legions, they have, in countless battlefields, proven themselves as redoubtable and steadfast as any soldier defending their homeland. Though their formations are temporary, their legions undistinguished and unheralded, and their contribution to victory often overlooked, the Triarius Legions' place in Roman society is evidenced by a Roman idiom. "To go to the Triarii" is a Roman saying meaning to give signal that one plans to fight to the last measure of endurance.


A listing of standing Roman Triarius Legions are as follows:

XXX Legion "Primoris" (Most Distinguished):

XXXI Legion "Bellator" (Warrior)

XXXII Legion "Silex Immotis" (Immovable Rock)

XXXIV Legion "Statim" (Steadfast)

XXXV Legion "Rutilus Diabolae" (Red Devils)

XXXVI Legion "Astrax" (Stars)

XXXVII Legion "Horavas" (Hourglass)

XXXVIII Legion "Semita Invenii" (Pathfinders)

XXXIX Legion "Constans" (Reliable)

XL Legion "Lacedaemoniae" (Spartans)

XLI Legion "Angelus Praeses" (Guardian Angels)

XLII Legion "Infragilis" (Unbreakable)

XLIII Legion "Tempestas Niger" (Black Storm)

XLIV Legion "Quercus" (Oak Tree)

XLV Legion "Tonitrus" (Thunder)



Cohortes Pessumdarae:

1x Siege Artillery Regiment (Ready Reserve): 10 points

The Romans believe in the power of artillery, attaining a ratio of less than 100 men per artillery piece in some of their more elite formations. For targets resilient enough to resist attack from the attached guns of a given legion however, the Romans deploy their most devastating weapons. The Cohortes Pessumdarae, the "Destroyer Regiments" are specialized units, consisting of the most experienced siege engineers and gunlayers in the Empire, are the specially trained units that operate the "Etna"-class 420mm Railway guns, as well as the enormous crane-fed "Hecatonchire" Siege Mortars. Kept distinct from the legions themselves, these terrifying units are deployed wherever their incredible destructive power is required, and are capable of reducing even the mightiest fortifications to ash and ruin.

The Romans maintain fifteen Cohortes Pessumdarae.




Roman Fortifications:

Limes Asiaticus: The crown jewel of the Roman Engineering world, the Limes Asiaticus is an enormous fortified barrier, running nearly five hundred kilometers from Al-Thawrah in northern Syria, north along the Euphrates River, and then across country overland to the coast near Pharnacia (Giresun) on the Black Sea. Comprising a lengthy series of pre-prepared defenses in depth studded with major fortifications along thrust lines, the Limes Asiaticus exists for a single purpose, to defend Roman Anatolia and Syria from invasion from the East. Having recently undergone a major modernization , the Romans have supplemented the field lines of the Limes Asiaticus with six major underground fortress-works:

Castrum Pharnacius (Giresun) on the Black Sea coast, shielding Pontus from invasion from the East.

Arx Dumanlius (Refahiye) in the Dumanli Mountains of Northern Anatolia, which guards the only major route into Northern Anatolia, and protects the region from incursion via Erzincan.

Melitene (Malatya) guarding the curves of the upper Euphrates River, and protecting the main central Anatolian routes into Turcia Province.

Castrum Pordonnium (Adyaman) further south along the river is the complement fortress to Melitene, and guards the transit route from Diyarbakir.

Arx Nisibis (Nizip) on the rugged gorges of the upper Euphrates, shields the city of Gaziantep as well as blocking the shortest path for an invader to take to reach the Mediterranean Sea.

Hierapolis Bambyce (Manbij) guards Aleppo and northern Syria from incursion from the East, and serves as an anchor point for deployments further south.

600km Field Fortifications: 60 points
60km Underground Fortress: 90 points
Total: 150 points



Limes Thracius: Though the Roman frontier in Thrace is the Danube River, the Danube offers too broad of a front, with too easy a penetration, to permit its use as the backbone of the Roman defensive position. Accordingly, and with a great deal of recrimination and political fighting, the main Roman defense line in Thrace has been established nearly 100 kilometers south of the Danube River, in the impenetrable mountain fastness of the Balkan Range. Rather than a single coherent line, the Romans have concentrated on constructing five major fortress-works, each blocking one of the routes over the mountains. Should the need arise, the Romans can fall back on this line of forts, ceding Northern Thrace to the enemy, but establishing an unbreakable position to guard Greece and Constantinopolis.

Odessus (Varna) is a major port city on the Black Sea, and ringed by armored, underground fortifications both to prevent its capture, and to prevent any enemy advance south along the coast via the Dyulino Pass.

Munitae Preslav (Omurtag) is a series of underground works that covers the Varbitsa, Kotel, and Sliven passes, and thus the major route into Byzantium.

Castrum Gabrovo in the Yantra River Valley defends the only major route into central Thrace.

Pravec (Pravets) protects the Eastern approaches to the Thracian capital of Serdica.

Arx Berkovius (Berkovitsa) anchors the Limes Thracia around Kom Peak by blocking the Northern route to Serdica and protecting the western flank of Thrace from attack through Serbia.

50km Underground Fortress: 75 points
Total: 75 points



Limes Alpinus: The oldest set of fortifications in the Roman Empire, the Limes Alpinus relies on the incredible strength of the Alps to protect Northern Italy, Carantania, and Provence. Only on the flanks, in the Ljubiana Gap and along the Rhone River, do the lines become solid. Elsewise the Romans rely on individual fortresses guarding the primary invasion routes from Germany south into Italy:

Acies Rhodanus says much in that the Romans use the word "Acies", meaning "Battlefield" for this set of field fortifications, running from the Mediterranean coast to the Alps at Veynes, protecting the river line from Bourbon incursion.

Augusta Praetoria (Aosta) is one of the oldest legionary camps in the world, and also sports a first-class fortification network, designed to protect Taurinum (Turin) from attack from the West or North.

Castrum Blenius (Biasca) served as the staging point for Roman attacks on Helvetica during the War of the First Coalition until the disaster at Turicum, and today serves a more defensive role, protecting Noricum, and by extension Italy itself, from an assault out of Switzerland.

Arx Brennus is the most famous fortress in the Roman world, the site of the Thirteenth Legion's epic stand against the Austrian armies in 1470. It defends the Brenner Pass, the largest link between Southern and Northern Europe.

Valles Trentus is a patchwork series of fortifications that encircle the main routes from Klagenfurt in Austria south towards Labacum and Utinum in Venicia and Carantania Provinces. Historically, this region has seen much fighting by Austrian troops seeking to outflank the main Roman defenses.

Marburgum (Maribor) is a major fortress-city in northern Carantania, while together with the field works extending to either side of it, plugs the all-important Lubiana Gap. The Romans learned the necessity of defending this highway into the Empire the hard way, following the bloody Carantanian Campaigns of the War of the Second Coalition.

50km Underground Fortress (75 points)
250km Field Fortifications (25 points)
Total: 100 points




Casttelati Hispaniae: Roman Spain's frontiers are too long and open for a cohesive system of fortifications, relying instead on the mobile forces of the Legions. Nevertheless, centuries of warfare have revealed six major avenues of attack into Aragon, Catalonia, and Tarraconensis that are protected today by modern subterranean fortifications:

Castrum Ferranus (Figueres) is a constantly-updated fortress from the 17th century, guarding the coastal approaches to the Catalonian Capital of Barcino (Barcelona).

Arx Alagonus is a major fortification work upstream along the Alagon River from the Aragonese capital of Caesaraugusta (Zaragosa), designed to defend it from attack from the west.

Utiel defends the major passes through the Extremadura mountains into Tarraconensis.

Cieza in the hills of northern Murcia Praefecture defends the famous harbor of Cartago Nova (Cartagena) from attack from the north.

Castrum Lorca (Lorca) blocks the southern route out of Andalusia into Tarraconensis.

60km Underground fortress (90 points)
Total: 90 points




Arx Herculis (Gibraltar):

The Rock of Gibraltar is one of the most heavily fortified locations in Europe, a fortress of byzantine complexity and towering strength, designed to defend the entrance to the Mare Nostrum against all comers.

First-Rate Coastal Fortress (30 points)
Re-enforced Underground Fortress (18 points)
Total: 48 points



Roman Naval Forces

Nemesis-class Dreadnought (8):
Nemesis, Erinyes, Athena, Apollo, Nike, Thanatos, Morpheus, Kratos

Zeus-class Battleship (Pre-dreadnought, 3):
Salamina, Paralos, Ares

Constantinopolis-class Armored Cruiser (10):
Constantinopolis, Neapolis, Venicia, Athens, Iconium, Syracuse, Caesaraugusta, Mediolanum, Carthage, Berytus, Massalia

Hercules-class Light Cruiser (26):
(First run) Hercules, Orpheus, Theseus, Agamemnon, Ajax, Achilles, Odysseus, Priam, Hector, Aeneas
(Second Run) Jason, Perseus, Oedipus, Triptolemus, Dido, Hippolyta, Meleager, Bellerophon
(Third Run) Asclepius, Orion, Atalante, Cassandra, Antigone, Menelaus, Penelope, Andromache

Lycurgus-class Destroyer (40):
(First run) Lycurgus, Draco, Cleisthenes, Solon, Demosthenes, Pericles, Leonidas, Alexander, Epaminondas, Xenophon
(Second run) Plato, Aristotle, Diogenes, Sophocles, Aristophanes, Aeschylus, Galen, Pythagoras, Thales, Archimedes
(Third run) Marcus Tullius Cicero, Marcus Porcius Cato, Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, Tiberias Sempronius Gracchus, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Publius Cornelius Scipio, Quintus Fabius Maximus, Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, Marcus Aemilius Scaurus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
(Fourth run) Publius Virgilius Maro, Titus Livius Scriptor, Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Gaius Sallustius Crispus, Quintus Horatius Flaccus, Publius Ovidius Naso, Gaius Suetonius Paulinus, Gaius Plinius Secundus, Decimus Junius Juvenalis

Rubicon-class Submarine (20):
Rubicon, Tiber, Rhodanus, Danubius, Meander, Scamander, Vulturnus, Ebro, Strymon, Haliacmon, Sangarius, Thermodon, Leontes, Orontes, Halys, Padus, Athesis, Nilus, Jordanis, Megerda, Milian


Roman Military Deployments:

Army

The Army of Iberia:
Headquarters: Caesaraugusta (Zaragosa), Aragonia
VII Legion 'Felix' (Principe), Turulium (Teruel), Aragonia
XII Legion 'Furia Aragonia' (Hastati), Osca (Huesca), Aragonia
XIII Legion 'Valeria Victrix' (Eligere), Lleida (Llerda), Catalonia
XIV Legion 'Rapax' (Principe), Cartago Nova (Cartagena), Tarraconensis
3rd, 4th, 12th Cohortes Pessumdarae, Caesaraugusta (Zaragosa), Aragonia

The Army of Gaul:
Headquarters: Messalia (Marseille), Gallia Transalpina
II Legion 'Triumphalis' (Principe), Avennio (Avignon), Gallia Transalpina
V Legion 'Alaudae' (Principe), Vapincum (Gap), Gallia Transalpina
14th, 15th Cohortes Pessumdarae, Messalia (Marseille), Gallia Transalpina

The Army of Italy:
Headquarters: Mediolanum (Milan), Italia
X Legion 'Turcii' (Eligere), Augusta Praetoria (Aosta), Noricum
XV Legion 'Fulminatus' (Principe), Luganum (Lugano), Noricum
XVI Legion 'Juvenis' (Principe), Marburgum (Maribor), Carantania
1st, 2nd Cohortes Pessumdarae, Mediolanum (Milan), Italia

The Army of the Balkans:
Headquarters: Thessalonika, Macedonia
I Legion 'Primagenia' (Eligere), Castrum Gabrovo, Thrace
VIII Legion 'Mortis' (Principe), Bazargium (Dobrich), Thrace
5th, 10th, 11th Cohortes Pessumdarae, Thessalonika, Macedonia

The Army of Asia:
Headquarters: Caesarea Mazaca (Kayseri), Turcia
III Legion 'Fidelis' (Principe), Antiochia ad Taurum (Gaziantep), Turcia
IV Legion 'Equestrus' (Principe), Sebastia (Sivas), Turcia
VI Legion 'Asiaticus' (Hastati), Melitene (Malatya), Turcia
IX Legion 'Adiutrix' (Eligere), Neocaesarea (Niksar), Pontus
XI Legion 'Gemina' (Principe), Khalibon (Aleppo), Syria
Auxilia Syrius (Auxilia), Palmyra, Syria
6th, 8th, 9th, 13th Cohortes Pessumdarae, Caesarea Mazaca (Kayseri), Turcia

The Army of Africa:
Headquarters: Carthage (Tunis), Africa Medius
Auxilia Aegyptus (Auxilia), Cairus (Cairo), Aegyptus Superior
Auxilia Africanus (Auxilia), Tingis (Tangiers), Mauretania
7th Cohort Pessumdarius Calpe (Gibraltar), Hispania Ulterior

The Army of Antillia:
Headquarters: Avanus (Havana), Antillia Major
Auxilia Antillius (Auxilia), Centumincendia (Cienfuegos), Antillia Major

[Beowulf]

The Wa Empire:

http://libarcstgod.wikia.com/wiki/Wa_Empire

No BBcode version available.

[Comrade Tortoise]

Kaiserkönigreich von Deutschland und Großbritannien

Languages:

In Britain everyone speaks some dialect of English as a first or second language, and everyone also speaks High German. Other languages spoken as either a first or third language are Welsh, Gaelic, and Celtic. Educated people speak at minimum Latin and French

In Germany everyone speaks some dialect of German, and Kings English. Other languages spoken as either a first or third language include Czech, Polish, Dutch, Flemmish, French, Italian, and Danish. Educated individuals also speak at Minimum Latin and French.

The official language that all government documents are written in however is High German

The colonies have their own mix of local languages and many speak Spanish or French, or Flemmish as a first language as a result of prior occupation by the Spanish, French and Belgians. However this is changing and because the navy is dominated by the British, most speak english as a second language and can read well enough in german, and often speak it, to get by when it comes to legality. Local languages are still very common.

Religion:

In Britain most everyone is Anglican. Having an atheist homosexual for a king is a source of tension however. There are a smattering of catholics and unitarians, as well as a good number of atheists and agnostics, particularly in the intellectual establishment.

In Germany the religious makeup can be described as diverse. There are catholics (25%), lutherans (25%), miscelaneous protestants (15%) Jews (10% particularly in academia), Atheists and agnostics (25%)

Government

The government of the Kaiserkönigreich is a little bit special. Domestic affairs in Germany and Britain are each regulated by their own bicameral legislature. In britain this takes the form of the House of Lords, comprised of landed nobility, and the often unruly House of Commons which is elected by popular vote at the county level and uses proportional representation and a coalition system. It might as well have a three drink minimum as well, fights frequently break out and cabbages are often thrown at those who speak. The chief executive is elected out of both houses and is known as the Prime Minister.

Germany has two houses. The Volksvertretung which is elected by popular vote at the level of individual states via proportional representation and ruling through coalition has the power of the purse and votes on legislation handed down by the Akademischer Rat, who's members are elected out of the Intelligentsia, and are split up into Fachausschüsse which votes on specific issues related to their field of expertise. The chief executive is a member of the old German nobility elected by the Rat, and is known as the Kanzler.

Foreign Affairs and military matters are decided by the Privy Council, or as it is called in German, the Geschlossene Ausschuss. This is headed by a President who every four years is elected, alternately from the House of Commons or the Volksvertretung. Other members include members of each noble house in each country, the cabinet ministers of each country, and other invited experts in various matters.


Stats

Grand power

Population3
National resources4
colonial territory 1 bumped to 4
Industry4
economy5
Infrastructure 4
Army5
Navy4

CT 4 (automatic 3), +15 million population

Amazonia 30
Trinidad and Tobago 7
Guyana 24
Cape verde 5
Guinea 40
Ivory coast 40
Nigeria 50
Antigua 3

Stat tabulation
National Self-Sufficiency is 70%
400/800 Colonial Army Points, 110 cash/quarter
400 IBPs/quarter
4 years of war mobilization, 900 cash points/quarter.
3500 Army Points
1600 Navy Points, 8 Dreadnoughts/Battlecruisers permitted

Total Cash Per Quarter-1010


Army: Mainland

Note: Infantry is also equipped in a somewhat idiosyncratic fashion. In addition to standard arms and equipment carried by a typical soldier of the period, garrisoned infantry (non-engineers) are also issued a Langschwert and part of their basic training includes drills with it inside their hand to hand combat training.

Active Army Numbers

Infantry Division x24
Artillery regiments 6
Engineer Regiments 15
Infantry Division/planes x4
Cavalry Division x6
Guards Infantry x6
Guards Cavalry x4


Fortifications
Polygonal fortresses x3
Underground Fortress x4
Re Underground Fortress x7
Field Fortification x46
Coastal 1st x4

Active Army Deployments

French Border (Split Evenly between Strassborg and Bonn)
Infantry Division 4
Infantry Division w Planes 1
Guards Infantry Division 2
Attached Artillery reg 2
Attached Engineer regiment 5
Cavalry 2
Guards Cavalry 1

English Army (split evenly between London and Liverpool)
Infantry Division 3
Infantry Division w Planes 1
Guards Infantry Division 2
Attached Artillery reg 2
Attached Engineer regiment 5
Cavalry 1
Guards Cavalry 1

Roman Border (Split Between Innsbruck and Zurich)

Infantry Division 2
Infantry Division with planes 1
Guards Infantry 1`
Attached Artillery reg 1
Attached Engineer regiment 1
Cavalry 1
Guards Cavalry 1

Eastern Border (split between Berlin and Vienna)
Infantry Division 3
Infantry Division w Planes 1
Guards Infantry 1
Attached Artillery reg 1
Attached Engineer regiment 4
Cavalry 2
Guards Cavalry 1

Reinforcement Elements:

2 Infantry Divisions in Each:

Nottingham, Bremen, Berlin, Edinburgh, Wurtzburg, Shrewsburry.



Fortification Placements

These are placed strategically to control access points into germany and Austria. These are where major railways cross into my country, often over large navigable rivers and through mountain passes and are essentially the only ways to move large numbers of men and equipment through my territory.

Underground Fortresses: 4

Frankfurt (along the Oder River), point fortress that protects the railway crossing

2 point fortresses on either side of the entrance into the Danube Valley into Austria

2 additional fortifications protect Hannover and Bremen

Reinforced Underground Fortresses: 7

Rivercrossings into germany at Dusseldorf, Bonn, Mainz, Mannheim, Strassborg, and Zurich. The 7th protects the large river crossing at Stettin

1st rate coastal forts: 4

4 protect large port cities. Hamburg, Liverpool, London (via the entrance into the River Thames), and Rostock

Polygonal fortresses: 3
Manchester
Carlisle
Edinburgh


460 km of field fortifications stretch at strategic points in the Danube Valley, the border with the Bourbons, and the Polish border. I will need to have Fun with a Topomap(tm) to figure out exactly where to place them

Ready Reserve Army

Infantry Division 70
Arty regiment 40
engineer regiment 40
Cavalry Divisions 14

Strategic Mobilization Areas of Reserves: 10 areas. This configuration in 9 of them: Wales, Western Scottland, London, Cornwall, Zurich, Innsbruck, Danube Valley, Oder River Basin, Rhine Valley

7 Infantry
4 artillery
4 engineer and
1 cavalry division

This configuration in the last one: Brandenberg
7 Infantry
4 artillery
4 engineer and
5 cavalry division


Second Line Reserve

Infantry Divisions 80
Cavalry Divisions 60

Same Strategic Mobilization Areas. This configuration

8 Infantry
6 cavalry

Colonial Troops:

Colonial Infantry 5
engineer regiment 4
Colonial Arty regiment 4


Venezuela:
Infantry 2
Engineer 1
Artillery 1

West Africa:
Infantry 2
Engineer 2
Artillery 1

Cape Verde
Infantry 1
Engineer 1
Artillery 2

Colonial Ready Reserve
Colonial Infantry 5
Colonial Cavalry 5
engineer regiment 5
Colonial Arty regiment 4

Venezuela:
Infantry 2
Engineer 2
Artillery 2
Cavalry: 1

West Africa:
Infantry 2
Engineer 2
Artillery 1
Cavalry 2

Cape Verde
Infantry 1
Engineer 1
Artillery 1
Cavalry 1


Colonial Second Line
Colonial Infantry 16

Cape Verde:
4 Infantry

Venezuela:
6 Infantry

West Africa:
6 Infantry




Navy

1st Fleet: Patrols Between Rostock and Hamburg
Dreadnought 2
Predred Battleship 2
Armored Cruiser 4
Light Cruiser: 6
Submarine: 4
Destroyer: 6
Oceanic Torpedo Boats:5

2nd Fleet: Patrols Between Hamburg and S. Hampton/London

Dreadnought 2
Predred Battleship 2
Armored Cruiser 4
Light Cruiser: 6
Submarine: 4
Destroyer: 6
Oceanic Torpedo Boats: 5

3rd Fleet: Patrols between S. Hampton/London and Liverpool
Predred Battleship 2
Armored Cruiser 4
Light Cruiser: 6
Submarine: 4
Destroyer: 6
Oceanic Torpedo Boats: 5

4th Fleet: Patrols Between Liverpool, Refuels in Cape Verde, and Then Travels into Caribbean, then back
Predred Battleship 2
Armored Cruiser 4
Light Cruiser: 6
Submarine: 4
Destroyer: 6
Oceanic Torpedo Boats: 5

Brown Water Fleet:

Rhine: 7 Coastal Torpedo Boats
Thames: 7 Coastal Torpedo Boats
Orinoco river: 6
Amazon: 6

[Dark Silver]

Le Grande Republique de Acadia

Government: Semi-Presidential (Elections held every Seven years in April)
Capitol: Baton Rogue, La
Religions: Protestant Christianity, Catholicism, Vodou, Native Religions, Judaism (No National Religion)
Political Parties: Nationalist Workers Party (Centrist), Democratic Party(Centrist Right), Socialist(Far Right), Republic Party(Far Left), Labor Party(Centrist Left)
Languages: English (National Language), Acadian French, Native Languages
Currency: Acadian Dollar - paper bills made with red and blue inks and silver plated coinage.
Total Population: 55 Million

Government
President: James Cortez (Elected 1908; 2nd Term)
Minister of Military Affairs - General Anton Boudreaux
Minister of Defense - General Justin Hebert
Minister of Foreign Affairs - David Robicheaux
Minister of Finance - Joel Triche
Minister of Health - Holly Kaiser
Minister of Energy and Transportation - Ryan Cumpston
Minister of Justice and Liberties (Keeper of the Seals) - Travis Mouton
Minister of Immigration, Integration and Culture - Jessie Boudreaux

Territorial Claims
[Mainland]
Texas
Louisiana
Arkansas
Mississippi
Alabama
Florida
Georgia
Tennesse
Carolina
Virginia
West Virginia

[Colonies]
Nicurugua
Honduras
Costa Rica


Population 3 (50 Million)
National Resources 3 (National Self-Sufficiency is 60% )
Colonial Territory 2 (100 Colony Points, +5 million population, 200/400 Colonial Army Points, 90 cash/quarter)
Industry 3 (300 IBPs/quarter)
Economy 3 (2 years of war mobilization, 600 cash points/quarter)
Infrastructure 3 (4 weeks to mobilize Ready Reserve, 4 months to mobilize Second Line)
Navy Power 3 (1200 Navy Points)
Army Size 4 (3000 Army Points)


.:Navy:.
1200pts / 125$ Upkeep
4 - Dreadnaughts(40pts)x 4(160pts) - Beausoleil, John Baptiste, Lafeyette, St Martin
10 - Pre-Dreadnaught Battleship(30pts)x 10(300pts)
10 - Armored Cruiser(25pts) x10(250pts)
12 - Light Cruiser(10pts) x12(120pts)
25 - Destroyer(6pts) x25(150pts)
50 - Torpedo Boat(2pts) x50(100pts)
20 - Submarine(6pts) x20(120pts)

.:Army:.
3146pts / 284$ upkeep

[Military Forts] - 244pts - 14$ upkeep
Fort Beauséjour [Polygon Fort (12pts)] - West Virginia along UISA border
Fort Broussard [Polygon Fort (12pts)] - Richmond, Virginia
Fort Dallas [Polygon Fort (12pts)] - Dallas, Tx
Fort Atlanta [Reinforced Underground Fortress (18pts)] - Atlanta, GA
Fort de Nuef Orleans [First Rate Coastal (30pts)] - New Orleans, La
Mobile Fort [Second Rate Coastal (20pts)] - Mobile, Alabama
Fortress de Baton Rougue [Light Coastal Fortress (10pts)] - Baton Rogue, La
Fort Miami [First Rate Coastal (30pts)] - Miami, Fl
Fort Key West [First Rate Coastal (30pts)] - Key West, Florida
Norfolk Naval Yards [First Rate Coastal (30pts)] - Norfolk, Va
King's Bay Fortress [Second Rate Coastal (20pts)] - King's Bay, GA
Corpus Christi Naval Base [Second Rate Coastal (20pts)] - Corpus Christi, Tx
Broussad Naval Base [First Rate Coastal] Nicaragua Canal, Nicaragua

.:Homeland Military:.
[Active] - 1200pts / 119$ Upkeep
23 - Infantry Division(15pts) x23(345pts)
15 - Calvary (15pts) x15(225pts)
5 - Guard Infantry(25pts) x5(125pts)
5 - Guard Calvary(25pts) - x5(125pts)
20 - Artillery(15pts) x20(300pts)
10 - Engineer(6pts) x10(60pts)
2 - Aeroplane(10pts) x2(20pts)

[Reserve] - 1180 pts / 115$ Upkeep
35 - Infantry Division(10pts) x35 (350pts)
35 - Calvary(10pts) x35 (350pts)
40 - Artillery(10pts) x40 (400pts)
20 - Engineer(4pts) x20 (80pts)

[2nd Line] -300 pts / 15$ Upkeep
30 - Infantry(5pt) x30(150pts)
30 - Calvary(5pt) x30(150 pts)

.:Colonial Army:.
[Active] - 147pts / 15$ Upkeep
3 - Colonial Infantry(15pts) x3 (45pts)
3 - Colonial Calvary(15pts) x3 (45pts)
3 - Colonial Artillery(15pts) x3 (45pts)
2 - Engineer(6pts) x2 (12pts)

[Reserve] - 75pts / 6$ Upkeep
2 - Colonial Infantry(10pts) x2 (20pts)
2 - Colonial Calvary(10pts) x2 (20pts)
2 - Colonial Artillery(10pts) x2 (20pts)
----------------------------------------


1678(ish) - French Settlers claim neutrality in conflict between France and Iroquois Nation over settlement dispute.
1671 - Iroquois demand oath of allegiance from Acadia Region French settlers. Many French settlers refuse, since it may mean having to fight against France - though some agree to the Oath. Relations between the Neutral (unpledged) Acadians and Iroquois remain stable until 1692.

1692 - Le Grand Dérangement (the Great Exile) of the French Acadians occur, when the Iroquois begin to deport those who have not sworn the Oath of Allegiance.

1702 - After being scattered along the Eastern Coast, Islands in the Caribbean and even France, the Acadians are given land grants in the Southern Louisiana territory by the King of France.

1705 - Acadians begin to arrive and settle Louisiana, integrating their existing Culture with those of native American tribes, and other settlers.

1710 - Of the 50,000 Exiled Acadians, approx 38,000 have made their way to Louisiana, becoming the largest single ethnic group in the region. France begins to tax heavily those who settle in the Louisiana territories

1755 - John Broussard, a man of Acadian descent, becomes Governor and Lt. General of the Louisiana Cadjin territories. Louisiana begins to form it's own military, and it's policies begin to take a sharp curve away from those wished by the French Crown, even going so far as to sending the significant portion of tax revenue to France.

1763 - A Acadian Envoy to France sent by Broussard is jailed for disobedience to the crown. A message is sent to the colony, they will pay their taxes and Tribute to the crown, or actions would be taken. The Acadians and their allies begin to arm themselves.

1768 - After years of civil disobedience, France sends a army to retake control of the colony from it's governor and inhabitants. Broussard refuses to relinquish his governorship, and is taken under arrest. Cadjin militia surprise the French military party escorting Broussard to prison, and the first armed conflict of the Acadian War of Independance is fired. Broussard declares the Louisiana territory as Acadia - in memory of the Cadjin's former homeland - and announces the La Grandé République de Acadian - the Great Republic of Acadia.

1773 - The Battle of Achafalya occurs, where the Acadian's and their allies manage to defeat a army consisting of French and their allies along with the Cherokee and other Native Americans tribes through the use of guerilla tactics. War begins to turn against France and her allies as the Acadians begin to win more and more victories.

1777 - France and the Acadia begin negotiations, including terms of a cease fire.

1778 - Official Ceasefire is declared in March.

1779 - Intial borders of La Grandé République de Acadian are declared in negotiations, along with lands for future expansion - should they be able to take and hold those lands in the future. Included in these negotiations are the lands of Florida, Georgia and South Carolina. Cherokee Tribe is forced to relocate into the Oklahoma Territory due to having allied with France during the War.

1780 - 1840 - Acadia solidifies it's hold on it's lands, and begins expansion north and east from it's original holdings. By 1840, most of the Southeastern North American Continent except for Florida is in the hands of the Republic. The Acadians and France fight a war in 1818-1820 over the region known as Florida - Acadian Naval power in the Gulf of Mexico win the war, and allows the annexing of the lands from France. Shortly after, The Acadian Government begins a heavy Public Works project, modernizing and paving roads, and building train tracks as the Industrial Revolution take ahold in the country. By 1842, President Jocque Hebert has signed a bill making Slavery illegal within Acadia's borders.

1845 - 1910 Acadia expands itself into Central America, establishing colonies within Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Honduras. Construction of a Trans-Honduras Canal begins in 1889 and the canal is completed in 1907.

[Hadrianvs]

The Mongol Khaganate

Government: Feudal Monarchy
Head of State: Kha'an Jalal IV Giray
Legislature: Assembly of Noyans
Capital: Sarai

Feudal Divisions:

Jochi Ulus (Altan Ord)
Domain of Jochi (Golden Horde)
Divided into the White Horde, Blue Horde, and Gray Horde. Of these, the White Horde is the personal demesne of the Ka'an.

Velikoye Knyazhestvo Ryazanskoye
Grand Principality of Ryazan

Velikoye Knyazhestvo Moskovskoye
Grand Principality of Moskow

Velikoye Knyazhestvo Tverskoye
Grand Principality of Tver

Novgorodskaya Zem'lya
Republic of Novgorod

Pskovskaya Zem'lya
Repulbic of Pskov

Knyazhestvo Finlyandskoye
Principality of Finland

Herzogtum Esthland
Duchy of Estonia

Herzogtum Livland
Duchy of Livonia

Herzogtum Courland
Duchy of Courland

Herzogtum Samogitia
Duchy of Samogitia

Velikoye Knyazhestvo Smolenskoye
Grand Principality of Smolensk

Velikoye Knyazhestvo Kievskoye
Grand Principality of Kiev

Voivodina Moldova
Principality of Moldova

Voivoidina Valahia
Principality of Wallachia

Kingdom of Sakartvelo (Georgia)

Sultanate of Rome

Shahdom of Azerbaijan

Sultanate of Bagdad

Shahdom of Iran

Shahdom of Khorasan

Amirate of Baluchistan

Amirate of Afghanistan

Chagadai Ulus

Khanate of Bukhara

Khanate of Sibir


National Statistics 1910:
Population - 170 million
Self-Sufficiency - 70%
Industrial Points / quarter - 300
Full Mobilization - 3 years
Economic Points / quarter - 750


Original Nation Build:
Regional Power (former Great)

Population 5
From the White Sea to the Indian Ocean, the dominion of the Kha'ans stretches over some 160 million people. The population spans a huge variety of races, languages, cultures, and creeds.

National Resources 4
Though there are vast resources in the Mongol domains, these are largely under exploited due to the relative backwardness of the Khaganate.

Industry 3
Feudalism is simply not conductive to mass industrialization. Though manufacturies of all sizes are found everywhere, they are largely backward, inefficient, and under the control of local authorities. Lack of free capital complicates the development of private industry, and a general shortage of skilled and educated labour compounds the problem.

Economy 4
Lack of free capital does not, however, mean lack of State capital. Efficient tax collection, a sophisticated system of State banks established in the 18th century, and the rich internal trade that has flurished under the auspices of the Kha'ans, all give the central and local governments access to considerable resources. Add to that the inherent robustness of the feudal system and the result is a fairly strong enconomy.

Infrastructure 3
An abundance of rivers in North-West allows for easy transport of good and people, but mountains and deserts complicate travel in the East and South. The relative lack of industrial development has also impeded the constructurion of highways and railroads.

Naval Power 1
As a continental power, the Khaganate has never had much interest in naval matters, and as such only maintains a tiny coastal defence force.

Army Strength 4
Chinggis Khan made the Mongols into an army to be feared across every corner of Asia. His successors strive to live up to that legacy, but a century of peace has greately reduced its size and strength.

[KlavoHunter]

The Bourbon Empire of Franco-Spain and Ireland

Population - 4 - 75,000,000
National Resources - 4 - 70%
Colonial Territory - 4 - 200 Points
Chile - 45
Patagonia - 30
The Platte - 55
Cisplatina - 20
Brazilian Highlands - 40
The Bahamas - 8
Bermuda - 2
Industry - 4
Economy - 4
Infrastructure -4
Navy Power - 4 - 1600 Points

7 Dreadnoughts - 280
1 Battlecruiser - 35
8 Predreadnoughts - 240
10 Armored Cruisers - 250
15 Light Cruisers - 150
50 Destroyers - 300
30 Submarines - 270
37 Torpedo Boats (Coastal) - 74


Army Size - 5 - 3500 Points

Active -

2 Guard Corps -
3 Guards Infantry Divisions - 75
3 Artillery Regiments - 45
3 Engineer Regiments - 18

Ready Reserve -

Second Line -